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{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 5; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #333; padding: 20; float:right; margin: 0 0 2em 2em; background:#fafafa; font-size: 86%;"
|-
|+ colspan="2"|'''Senate'''
! style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | [[Image:Senats.png|50px]]
|-
| style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | ''Upper house of the Ziu''
|-
| style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | [[Senate for the 54th Cosa]]
|-
! style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <hr>'''Leadership and operation'''
|-
| '''Mençei dal Senäts''' (Lord President) || [[Lüc da Schir]]
|-
| style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | ''[[Standing Rules of the Senate]]''
|-
! style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <hr>'''Structure'''
|-
| '''Seats''' || 8
|-
| style="vertical-align:middle;" rowspan="10" | '''Senators''' || '''HM's Government''' <!--
|-
| [[Amada Merþedes]] (CZ-FreeDems) -->
|-
| [[Açafat del Val]] (FL-FreeDems)
|-
| [[Gödafrïeu Válcadác'h]] (FV-FreeDems)
|-
| [[Ian Plätschisch]] (MM-AMP)
|-
| [[Éovart Grischun]] (VD-PNP) <!--
|-
| <hr>'''Confidence and Supply''' -->
|-
| <hr>'''HM's Loyal Opposition'''
|-
| [[Sevastáin Pinátsch]] (KA-IND)
|-
| [[Lüc da Schir]] (BE-IND)
|-
| [[Beneditsch Ardpresteir]] (MA-IND)
|-
| <hr>''One vacant seat''
|-
| '''Length of term''' || Staggered, variable<br/>(typically 16 to 24 months)
|-
! style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <hr>'''Elections'''
|-
| '''Voting system''' || Instant Runoff Voting<br/>(when conducted by the Chancery)
|-
| '''Last elections''' || [[December 2019 General Election#Senatorial races|November 15 - December 1 2019]]
|-
| '''Next elections''' || around July 2020
|-
! style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <hr>'''Meeting place'''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2" | [[Image:Senate greenehall ext.jpg|200px]]
|-
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2" | Online, cerimonially Greene Hall, Abbavilla
|}
The '''{{sen}}''' ({{IPA-all|sɛˈnæt͡s||senats.ogg}}), or Senate, is the upper house of the [[Talossa|Talossan]] legislature, the [[Ziu]]. Like the [[Cosa]], it meets in Abbavilla; its meeting place is Greene Hall, while the offices are located in the neighboring Johnston Hall.
Each [[realm|province]] is represented by one Senator, so the Senate is composed by eight seats.
== History ==
{{Ziunav}}
{{Ziunav}}
The Senate in its current form was created by the 1997 [[Organic Law]].  Before the promulgation of that document, the Ziu long consisted only of a single house (now termed the "lower house"), the [[Cosa]], with the proto-Senate being only added from 1 January 1996 as a check and balance, formed by appointed, long-tenured citizens.


The '''{{sen}}''' ({{IPA-all|sɛˈnæt͡s||senats.ogg}}), or Senate, is the upper house of the [[Talossa]]n legislature, the [[Ziu]].  Each [[realm|province]] is represented by one Senator, and thus comprises eight seats.
Therefore, the first modern Senate was the Senate for the 23rd Cosa. The first (and so far only) change in the number of Senators was in 2012, when a seat was added to represent [[{{fio}}]] following [[Reunision]].


== History ==
Ever since changes ratified after the 35th Cosa, the King has been Organically barred from holding a place in the Senate, and indeed from entering the Senate chamber unless summoned there to provide testimony to a Senate commission. The [[consort]] of the King, and any [[Regency|regent]] during his or her regency also is forbidden from holding a seat in the Senate; this most recently happened in the 52nd Cosa as [[Ma la Mha]] surrendered his seat for the First Clark to serve as Regent to [[John|King John]].
The Senate was created by the 1997 [[Organic Law]].  Before the promulgation of that document, the Ziu consisted only of a single house (now termed the "lower house"), the [[Cosa]].  Therefore, the first Senate was the Senate for the 23rd Cosa.


Ever since changes ratified after the 35th Cosa, the King has been Organically barred from holding a place in the Senate, and indeed from entering the Senate chamber unless summoned there to provide testimony to a Senate commission.  The [[consort]] of the King, and any [[Regency|regent]] during his or her regency also is forbidden from holding a seat in the Senate.  Furthermore, no Senator may hold seats in the Cosa.
Furthermore, no Senator may hold seats in the Cosa.


== Powers ==
== Role ==
The powers of the Senate are equal to those of the Cosa, except that no [[Revenue Bills|bill appropriating revenue]] may have a Senator as its primary sponsor, and the Senate does not participate in the [[Vote of Confidence]] in the government.
The powers of the Senate are equal to those of the Cosa, except that no [[Revenue Bills|bill appropriating revenue]] may have a Senator as its primary sponsor, and the Senate does not participate in the [[Vote of Confidence]] in the government; this means that the Senate is typically less partisan than the lower house. Even though the Government does not require to mantain the Confidence of the Senate, there have historically been only a few times when the Senate has not been controlled by the Government.


The approval of a majority of the Senate to all legislation is required before royal assent can be sought. In the case of bills recommending referenda for the ratification of Organic amendments affecting those articles concerning the Senate itself, the process of amending Organic Law, or the territorial subdivisions of the Kingdom, a super-majority of two-thirds vote in the Senate is required.
The approval of a majority of the Senate to all legislation is required before royal assent can be sought. The number of seats being very small means that ties are relatively more likely than in the Cosa; however, no tiebreaker exists. In the case of bills recommending referenda for the ratification of Organic amendments affecting those articles concerning the Senate itself, the process of amending Organic Law, or the territorial subdivisions of the Kingdom, a super-majority of two-thirds vote in the Senate is required.


The Senate also may pass resolutions without involvement of the Cosa, to commemorate events, create Senatorial commissions or honours, or grant those honours to specific persons.  Two typical "Resolutions of the Senate" (RS) are the recommendation of a [[Chancellor of the Royal Talossan Bar]] to the King, and the awarding of the [[Senatorial Medal of Honour]].
The Senate also may pass resolutions without involvement of the Cosa, to commemorate events, create Senatorial commissions or honours, or grant those honours to specific persons.  Two typical "Resolutions of the Senate" (RS) are the recommendation of a [[Chancellor of the Royal Talossan Bar]] to the King, and the awarding of the [[Senatorial Medal of Honour]].


The Senate is led by a ceremonial "Lord President" or [[Mençei]], elected by the Chamber from among its own members, who may resign or be removed by vote of the Chamber
== Members and elections ==
The Senate is composed by one seat for each province, and so for the first fifteen years of existence it counted seven Senators; an eight member being added in 2012 to account for the creation of the new province of Fiova.
 
The electoral procedure in the Senate has varied markedly over the years; provinces can now choose to conduct their own Senatorial elections, and each province can effectively decide the electoral law for its own seat. Provinces who have conducted their own Senatorial elections include Cézembre, {{fio}} and Maritiimi-Maxhestic. However, the national [[Chancery]] still conducts most of the races; by law, it is now obliged to do so by Instant Runoff Vote. Previously, Senatorial races were all conducted by the Chancery using First Past the Post.
 
Senatorial terms are staggered so that a third of the Senate is up for reelection at every election cycle, in a similar arrangement to the United States. However, an important distinction is that the Talossan Senate seats are not divided into classes: while in the United States the seats have been divided into three groups of 33, 33 and 34, where each class is always up for reelection at the same time, the Talossan Senate simply picks the next three seats from a fixed rotation order, meaning that each seat will have one every three terms shortened by a full Cosa.
 
Another important distinction between the Senate and its American relative is that the terms are pegged to the Cosa's own: an early dissolution would mean that each Senatorial term is shortened respective to its theoretical length, while a month of Recess or any other unexpected delay, such as the month-long one that occurred before the elections to the 49th Cosa, would conversely lengthen a Senator's term in office. However, since Cosa cycles typically last nine months (two months for elections and formation, six Clarks and one month of recess), each province elects its Senator for cyclical terms of 18, 27 and 27 months.
 
There are no provisions for Senators to be recalled; however, the Senate can adopt motions of censure against its members, and can impeach a Senator by supermajority. In the latter case, the home province shall hold a ballot to remove the Senator by majority vote. In addition, Senators may lose their seat by resignation, failure to vote or death. In any case, each province's government is empowered to appoint an interim Senator to complete the former Senator's term, until the next available General Elections. If at that point the former Senator's term would have expired anyway, a regular election is held; otherwise, a special election is held for the remainder of the unexpired term.
 
Special elections mean that the number of seats up for reelection can be higher than three; in the [[July 2018 General Election]], a record six seats (75% of the Senate) were up for reelection due to the resignations of three Senators and the regular expiration of three terms; one of the latter also fell into the former category (the M-M race), but as the term would have expired nonetheless a special election was not held.
 
=== Officers ===
The Senate is led by the Lord President, or [[Mençei]], elected by the Senate from among its own members at the beginning of each term. The Mençei's powers are generally greater than those of the Cosa counterpart, the [[Tuischac'h]], as he conducts debates on the monthly business and is more involved in the day to day operation of the Senate, while the Tuischac'h's official duties outside of [[Living Cosa]]s are restricted to advising members of proper decorum and directing Terpelaziuns.
 
=== Rules Committee ===
The Senate mantains a body of [[Standing Rules of the Senate|Standing Rules]] governing its operation; to propose additions and amendments to the rules, a Senate Committee on Rules and Administration is estabilished by law and composed of three Senators. The Mençei is by right the chairman of the Committee, even if not a full member, although in practice operation of the committee is left to common consensus.
 
The most recent members of the Rules Committee are senators Valcadac'h, da Schir and Siervicül.
 
=== Tenure ===
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left: 10px;"
|-
|+ Senators by tenure
! colspan=2|Senator !! Took office
|-
| bgcolor="#999999" style="width=10px;" | || L. da Schir || 1 Oct 2014
|-
| bgcolor="#999999" style="width=10px;" | || S. Pinátsch || 1 Jul 2015
|-
| bgcolor=orangered style="width=10px;" | || G. Valcadac'h || 1 Feb 2017
|-
| bgcolor=gold style="width=10px;" | || I. Plätschisch || 27 Apr 2018
|-
| bgcolor="#999999" style="width=10px;" | || B. Ardpresteir || 15 Dec 2019
|-
| bgcolor=orangered style="width=10px;" | || A. del Val || 15 Dec 2019
|-
| bgcolor=turquoise style="width=10px;" | || E. Grischun || 3 Mar 2020
|}
 
The Senator for Benito, Lüc da Schir, is the current longest tenured Senator (Dean of the Senate), having served since October 2014. He is holding the title alone since the sixth Clark of the 51st Cosa; previously, he and former Senator Magniloqueu da Lhiun were the joint longest tenured Senators, and before the resignations of Vuode Senator Eovart Grischun, the three held the distinction concurrently.
 
During the 50th Cosa, Senator Tresplet had the longest tenure, joined by Senator d'Auribuerg during the 48th and 49th; and from the 41st to the 47th Cosas, corresponding to approximately five years, the title was held by Senator Holmes of Atatürk, who still is the senator with the largest number of Cosas served.


== Current Senate ==
== Current Senate ==


{{:Senate for the 50th Cosa}}
{{:Senate for the 54th Cosa}}


== Election cycle ==
== Election cycle ==
Line 25: Line 134:


{|border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
{|border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
!Cosa
!Cosa !! Senate Seat Contested
!Senate Seat Contested
|-
|-
|48||Atatürk, Cézembre, Florencia
|55||Maritiimi-Maxhestic, Benito, Vuode
|-
|-
|49||Maricopa, Fiova, Maritiimi-Maxhestic
|56||Atatürk, Cézembre, Florencia
|-
|-
|50||Benito, Vuode, Atatürk
|57||Maricopa, Fiova, Maritiimi-Maxhestic
|-
|-
|51||Cézembre, Florencia, Maricopa
|58||Benito, Vuode, Atatürk
|-
|-
|52||Fiova, Maritiimi-Maxhestic, Benito
|59||Cézembre, Florencia, Maricopa
|-
|-
|53||Vuode, Atatürk, Cézembre
|60||Fiova, Maritiimi-Maxhestic, Benito
|-
|-
|54||Florencia, Maricopa, Fiova
|61||Vuode, Atatürk, Cézembre
|-
|55||Maritiimi-Maxhestic, Benito, Vuode
|-
|-
|62||Florencia, Maricopa, Fiova
|}
|}
(The Election Cycle Then Repeats)
(The Election Cycle Then Repeats)


{{navsenate}}
{{navsenate}}

Revision as of 06:55, 5 March 2020

Senate
Senats.png
Upper house of the Ziu
Senate for the 54th Cosa

Leadership and operation
Mençei dal Senäts (Lord President) Lüc da Schir
Standing Rules of the Senate

Structure
Seats 8
Senators HM's Government
Açafat del Val (FL-FreeDems)
Gödafrïeu Válcadác'h (FV-FreeDems)
Ian Plätschisch (MM-AMP)
Éovart Grischun (VD-PNP)

HM's Loyal Opposition
Sevastáin Pinátsch (KA-IND)
Lüc da Schir (BE-IND)
Beneditsch Ardpresteir (MA-IND)

One vacant seat
Length of term Staggered, variable
(typically 16 to 24 months)

Elections
Voting system Instant Runoff Voting
(when conducted by the Chancery)
Last elections November 15 - December 1 2019
Next elections around July 2020

Meeting place
Senate greenehall ext.jpg
Online, cerimonially Greene Hall, Abbavilla

The Senäts ([sɛˈnæt͡s] ( )), or Senate, is the upper house of the Talossan legislature, the Ziu. Like the Cosa, it meets in Abbavilla; its meeting place is Greene Hall, while the offices are located in the neighboring Johnston Hall.

Each province is represented by one Senator, so the Senate is composed by eight seats.

History

The Senate in its current form was created by the 1997 Organic Law. Before the promulgation of that document, the Ziu long consisted only of a single house (now termed the "lower house"), the Cosa, with the proto-Senate being only added from 1 January 1996 as a check and balance, formed by appointed, long-tenured citizens.

Therefore, the first modern Senate was the Senate for the 23rd Cosa. The first (and so far only) change in the number of Senators was in 2012, when a seat was added to represent Fiovă following Reunision.

Ever since changes ratified after the 35th Cosa, the King has been Organically barred from holding a place in the Senate, and indeed from entering the Senate chamber unless summoned there to provide testimony to a Senate commission. The consort of the King, and any regent during his or her regency also is forbidden from holding a seat in the Senate; this most recently happened in the 52nd Cosa as Ma la Mha surrendered his seat for the First Clark to serve as Regent to King John.

Furthermore, no Senator may hold seats in the Cosa.

Role

The powers of the Senate are equal to those of the Cosa, except that no bill appropriating revenue may have a Senator as its primary sponsor, and the Senate does not participate in the Vote of Confidence in the government; this means that the Senate is typically less partisan than the lower house. Even though the Government does not require to mantain the Confidence of the Senate, there have historically been only a few times when the Senate has not been controlled by the Government.

The approval of a majority of the Senate to all legislation is required before royal assent can be sought. The number of seats being very small means that ties are relatively more likely than in the Cosa; however, no tiebreaker exists. In the case of bills recommending referenda for the ratification of Organic amendments affecting those articles concerning the Senate itself, the process of amending Organic Law, or the territorial subdivisions of the Kingdom, a super-majority of two-thirds vote in the Senate is required.

The Senate also may pass resolutions without involvement of the Cosa, to commemorate events, create Senatorial commissions or honours, or grant those honours to specific persons. Two typical "Resolutions of the Senate" (RS) are the recommendation of a Chancellor of the Royal Talossan Bar to the King, and the awarding of the Senatorial Medal of Honour.

Members and elections

The Senate is composed by one seat for each province, and so for the first fifteen years of existence it counted seven Senators; an eight member being added in 2012 to account for the creation of the new province of Fiova.

The electoral procedure in the Senate has varied markedly over the years; provinces can now choose to conduct their own Senatorial elections, and each province can effectively decide the electoral law for its own seat. Provinces who have conducted their own Senatorial elections include Cézembre, Fiovă and Maritiimi-Maxhestic. However, the national Chancery still conducts most of the races; by law, it is now obliged to do so by Instant Runoff Vote. Previously, Senatorial races were all conducted by the Chancery using First Past the Post.

Senatorial terms are staggered so that a third of the Senate is up for reelection at every election cycle, in a similar arrangement to the United States. However, an important distinction is that the Talossan Senate seats are not divided into classes: while in the United States the seats have been divided into three groups of 33, 33 and 34, where each class is always up for reelection at the same time, the Talossan Senate simply picks the next three seats from a fixed rotation order, meaning that each seat will have one every three terms shortened by a full Cosa.

Another important distinction between the Senate and its American relative is that the terms are pegged to the Cosa's own: an early dissolution would mean that each Senatorial term is shortened respective to its theoretical length, while a month of Recess or any other unexpected delay, such as the month-long one that occurred before the elections to the 49th Cosa, would conversely lengthen a Senator's term in office. However, since Cosa cycles typically last nine months (two months for elections and formation, six Clarks and one month of recess), each province elects its Senator for cyclical terms of 18, 27 and 27 months.

There are no provisions for Senators to be recalled; however, the Senate can adopt motions of censure against its members, and can impeach a Senator by supermajority. In the latter case, the home province shall hold a ballot to remove the Senator by majority vote. In addition, Senators may lose their seat by resignation, failure to vote or death. In any case, each province's government is empowered to appoint an interim Senator to complete the former Senator's term, until the next available General Elections. If at that point the former Senator's term would have expired anyway, a regular election is held; otherwise, a special election is held for the remainder of the unexpired term.

Special elections mean that the number of seats up for reelection can be higher than three; in the July 2018 General Election, a record six seats (75% of the Senate) were up for reelection due to the resignations of three Senators and the regular expiration of three terms; one of the latter also fell into the former category (the M-M race), but as the term would have expired nonetheless a special election was not held.

Officers

The Senate is led by the Lord President, or Mençei, elected by the Senate from among its own members at the beginning of each term. The Mençei's powers are generally greater than those of the Cosa counterpart, the Tuischac'h, as he conducts debates on the monthly business and is more involved in the day to day operation of the Senate, while the Tuischac'h's official duties outside of Living Cosas are restricted to advising members of proper decorum and directing Terpelaziuns.

Rules Committee

The Senate mantains a body of Standing Rules governing its operation; to propose additions and amendments to the rules, a Senate Committee on Rules and Administration is estabilished by law and composed of three Senators. The Mençei is by right the chairman of the Committee, even if not a full member, although in practice operation of the committee is left to common consensus.

The most recent members of the Rules Committee are senators Valcadac'h, da Schir and Siervicül.

Tenure

Senators by tenure
Senator Took office
L. da Schir 1 Oct 2014
S. Pinátsch 1 Jul 2015
G. Valcadac'h 1 Feb 2017
I. Plätschisch 27 Apr 2018
B. Ardpresteir 15 Dec 2019
A. del Val 15 Dec 2019
E. Grischun 3 Mar 2020

The Senator for Benito, Lüc da Schir, is the current longest tenured Senator (Dean of the Senate), having served since October 2014. He is holding the title alone since the sixth Clark of the 51st Cosa; previously, he and former Senator Magniloqueu da Lhiun were the joint longest tenured Senators, and before the resignations of Vuode Senator Eovart Grischun, the three held the distinction concurrently.

During the 50th Cosa, Senator Tresplet had the longest tenure, joined by Senator d'Auribuerg during the 48th and 49th; and from the 41st to the 47th Cosas, corresponding to approximately five years, the title was held by Senator Holmes of Atatürk, who still is the senator with the largest number of Cosas served.

Current Senate

The Senate for the 54th Cosa consists of eight members. Five were returned from the previous Senate, and three joined the Senate for the first time, with two of them having never held elected national office before.

Measures voted on by the Senate

The full Senate voted on one nomination in addition to the ordinary Clark business.

Nomination of Senator Lüc da Schir of Benito to be Lord President / Mençei

Submitted by: Beneditsch Ardpresteir (MA), concurred by Pinátsch (KA), Plätschisch (MM), Marcianüs (VD), del Val (FL), Válcadác’h (FV)

Vote summary

Question: On the Nomination
Vote Number: 1
Vote Date: December 15 to 16, 2019
Vote Result: Nomination approved
A roll call vote was not taken as per Rule 2, as a majority of senators endorsed the nomination in debate.

[Committee of the Whole] Marcianüs Hearing: Motion to Adjourn and Report

That the Committee do now adjourn and report to the Senate with the following: "The Committee of the Whole House has considered the nomination of S:reu Viteu Marcianüs to the position of Justice of the Uppermost Cort of Talossa and, having considered such, recommends S:reu Marcianüs for the said position." Submitted by: Açafat del Val (FL), concurred by Marcianüs (VD)

Vote summary

Question: On the Motion
Vote Number: -
Vote Date: January 27 to 30, 2020
Required For Passage: 1/2
Vote Result: Motion agreed to
Vote Counts: PËRs: 4
CONs: 1
AUSs: 2
Pinatsch (KA), Con
da Schir (BE), Aus
Merþedes (CZ), Not voting
del Val (FL), Për
Valcadac’h (FV), Për
Ardpresteir (MA), Aus
Plästchisch (MM), Për
Marcianüs (VD), Për

Elections

File:Senate54el.png
Partisan changes in the 54th Senate by province.
Light green: ex-RUMP hold; Red: FreeDem gain; Light red: FreeDem hold; Dark gray not up

Four senatorial elections were held concurrently to the April 2019 General Election: the normally scheduled races in Fiovâ, Florencia and Maricopa, and the special election in Cézembre.

Cézembre (special)

Amada Merþedes was elected at the second round of IRV elimination, with 50% of first preferences. She will serve in the Ziu for the first time. Notably, she will be ineligible to vote before March 29th 2020 due to being a citizen for less than a year, which will likely see her lose her seat.

Cézembre Senate Special Election
Amada Merþedes 6 7
Litz Cjantscheir (write-in) 2 2
Ián da Bitoûr (write-in) 2 2
Martì Vataldestreça (write-in) 1 1/0*
Txosuè Rôibeardescù (write-in) 1 0/1*
FreeDem GAIN from IND

*: Merþedes wins in the second round irrespective of which candidate between Vataldestreça or Rôibeardescù is eliminated.

Florencia

Açafat del Val won the seat after a four-way tie in first preference votes. This is the first time the Florencian Senate seat is won by a non-monarchist since the very first incumbent, Danihel Laurieir, in 1997. Del Val has not served either in Cabinet or in the Ziu before.

Florencia Senate Election
Açafat del Val 1 (2) 2 2
Mximo Carbonel 1 (1) 1 (1) 1
Ieremiac'h Ventrutx 1 (0)(1) 1 (0) -
Breneir Itravilatx 1 (0)(0) - -
FreeDem GAIN from RUMP

Fiova

Gödafrïeu Válcadác'h, Royal Archivist of Talossa and Scribe of Abbavilla, handily won reelection with no declared opponent.

Fiovă Senate Election
Gödafrïeu Válcadác'h 9
Miestrâ Schivâ (write-in) 1
Carlüs Xheraltescù (write-in) 1
Tamoran Montagnhard d'Açeradeireu (write-in) 1
FreeDem HOLD

Maricopa

Beneditsch Ardpresteir won at the second elimination round, with 50% of first preference votes, a 7% decrease for the RUMP from the latest contested election. FreeDem challenger Txoteu Davinescu only mustered 25% of the first preference vote, a 3% decrease compared to his previous attempt at the seat.

Maricopa Senate Election
Beneditsch Ardpresteir 6 7
Txoteu Davinescu 3 3
Cresti Siervicül (write-in) 1 (0)(1) 1
Munditenens Tresplet (write-in) 1 (0)(0)(0)(1) 1
Alejo Fernández (write-in) 1 (0)(0)(0)(0) -
ex-RUMP HOLD

Membership

File:Senate54.png
Partisan control of the 54th Senate by province.

The members of the Senate for the 54th Cosa, listed in the order of the scheduled expiration of their terms, are:

Province Senator Senate Seat Contested
1 2 3 4 5 6
Maritiimi-Maxhestic Ian Plätschisch for 55th Cosa
Benito Lüc da Schir for 55th Cosa
Vuode Viteu Marcianüs Éovart Grischun for 55th Cosa
Atatürk Sevastáin Pinátsch for 56th Cosa
Cézembre Amada Merþedes vacant for 56th Cosa
Florencia Açafat del Val for 56th Cosa
Maricopa Beneditsch Ardpresteir for 57th Cosa
Fiovă Gödafrïeu Válcadác'h for 57th Cosa


Election cycle

As reflected by the table below, at each general election, three Senators (out of the eight) are elected. This means that the term of office for each Senate seat is three Cosa-elections two times and two-Cosa-elections the third, repeating. That’s more-or-less 16 or 24 months to each Senatorial term. However, a Senator’s term may be shortened by early dissolutions of the Cosa or lengthened by no-business months inserted between Clarks [For full details, see the Organic Law Article IV: Election to the Senäts and Article V: Composition of the Senäts].

Cosa Senate Seat Contested
55 Maritiimi-Maxhestic, Benito, Vuode
56 Atatürk, Cézembre, Florencia
57 Maricopa, Fiova, Maritiimi-Maxhestic
58 Benito, Vuode, Atatürk
59 Cézembre, Florencia, Maricopa
60 Fiova, Maritiimi-Maxhestic, Benito
61 Vuode, Atatürk, Cézembre
62 Florencia, Maricopa, Fiova

(The Election Cycle Then Repeats)