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| {{AmmText
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| |amm= Law:Organic Law
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| }}
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| =English Version=
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| {{AmmTextVers
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| |start=50th {{cos}}
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| |end=51st {{cos}}
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| }}
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| <center>[[Image:LesserStateSeal.png|100px]]
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| '''La Scriuerïa d'Abbavilla'''<br />
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| <br />
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| The men and women of Talossa, <br />
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| seeing plainly the need to constitute a greater and more perfect, indissoluble federation, <br />
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| and having been consulted in convention and referendum, do call upon <br />
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| His Majesty the King to proclaim this new Organic Law<br />
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| for the Kingdom of Talossa:</center><br />
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| <br />
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| '''Preamble'''<br />
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| WE, ROBERT I, by the grace of God, King of Talossa, etc., etc., etc., conscious of the rôle conferred upon Talossa by history, ever mindful of our inexplicable and inextricable connexion somehow to Berbers, moved by the explosive progress our modern nation has made since opening its doors to the world; with renewed patriotism and the resolute will to craft a state based on justice, law, and freedom, for the peace, order, and good government of all Talossans; and owing a debt of gratitude to Matthias Muth, John Eiffler, Evan Gallagher, Sean Hert, John Jahn, Dan Lorentz, Geoff Toumayan, Marc-André Dowd, Nathan Freeburg, and Ken Oplinger, who ensured the preparation of this document; do ordain and establish, by and through the consent of the Talossan People, as the supreme law of our Realm, this<br />
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| <br />
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| <center><big><big>1997 Organic Law of the Kingdom of Talossa</big></big></center><br />
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| <br />
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| as last amended at the end of the [http://www.talossa.ca/files/election_result.php?cosa=50 election for the 50th Cosâ] on 21 November 2017 with this rendition last updated Sat 11 August 2018 0723 Central by GV, Scribe of Abbavilla<br />
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| <br />
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| ==Article I: Declaration of Independence==
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| {{anchor|Link1.0}}
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| I, Robert I, His Royal Me, proclaim the Kingdom of Talossa to be an independent unit in the master plan of World Singular Secession. In doing so, I am seceding from the United States of America. (Promulgated 26th December 1979)
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|
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| ==Article II: Points of State==
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| {{anchor|Link2.0}}
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| ===Section 1===
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| {{anchor|Link2.1}}
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| The reality of the Kingdom of Talossa is lived out most positively through its historic spirit, of which all Talossan institutions are guardians and enhancers. The Kingdom of Talossa is a community of persons having fun by doing things which are reasonably similar to what other ("real") countries do, whether for reasons of tourist nostalgia, out of a lust for power, in pursuit of parody, or -- yes -- as nationbuilding.
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|
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| ===Section 2===
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| {{anchor|Link2.2}}
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| The name of the State, in the national language, is El Regipäts Talossán. In English, the name of the State is The Kingdom of Talossa.
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|
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| ===Section 3===
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| {{anchor|Link2.3}}
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| The metropolitan territory of Talossa consists of all land on the Talossan Peninsula south of a line drawn from east to west through points lying equidistant from the north and south curbs of Edgewood Avenue, i.e. the former border between the City of Milwaukee and the Village of Shorewood. The territorial waters of the Kingdom extend half-way out into the Milwaukee River, south and west of the national territory. The territorial waters extend into the Talossan Sea (Lake Michigan), a distance of three kilometres eastward. The metropolitan territory also includes the island of Cézembre, off the coast of France. The territory of the Kingdom extends into the atmosphere above the land and water territory. This territory is sacred and inviolable. It shall not be ceded, reduced or broken up. This territory is claimed, occupied and administered by right of history and shall never be abandoned.
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|
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| ===Section 4===
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| {{anchor|Link2.4}}
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| Any lands or islands that are formed or that may appear in Talossa's territorial waters, in whole or in part, shall form an irrevocable part of the national territory.
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|
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| ===Section 5===
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| {{anchor|Link2.5}}
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| The capital of the Kingdom is Abbavilla.
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|
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| ===Section 6===
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| {{anchor|Link2.6}}
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| The sole historic and national language of the entire Talossan people is the Talossan language (el glheþ Talossán). The Cosâ and Government may make provision to conduct their affairs in such language as they shall determine. The National Language shall be protected, defended and developed by the Comità për l'Útzil del Glheþ, which is a private council subject to its own rules, under law.
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|
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| ===Section 7===
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| {{anchor|Link2.7}}
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| The National Flag of Talossa is the green and red horizontal bicolour, as adopted on 2 March 1981. The green stands for the Monarchy and its magnanimity; the red for the people and their tenacity. The flag is to be flown inverted during times of declared war.
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|
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| ===Section 8===
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| {{anchor|Link2.8}}
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| The Coat of Arms of Talossa shall exist in two forms: the Lesser State Arms and the Greater State Arms. The Lesser State Arms is thus blazoned: "Argent the Chinese Character 'Ben' meaning energetic Sable. Surrounding the Escutcheon an Annulet Azure fimbriated Or bearing the words 'Regipäts Talossán Kingdom * 26.12.1979 *' Or. For the Crest a Royal Crown Proper." The Greater State Arms consists of the Lesser State Arms with the following supporters and base: "Two Talossan Squirrels Proper standing upon a Ribbon Argent fimbriated at the chief Vert and at the base Gules bearing the motto 'Miehen Huone on Hänen Valtakuntasna'". Either form of the Coat of Arms of Talossa may be used for official and patriotic purposes.
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|
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| ===Section 9===
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| {{anchor|Link2.9}}
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| The National Anthem of Talossa is "Chirluschâ àl Glheþ." Its English translation, "Stand Tall, Talossans," shall have equal legal status. Words and music shall be determined by law. The patriotic songs "Tusk" by Fleetwood Mac and "Ein Feierlichgesang"/"Dallas Pätsilor" by John A. Jahn shall have constitutional status as patriotic songs. The Government shall take steps to promote, celebrate, and preserve Talossa's indigenous musical heritage.
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|
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| ===Section 10===
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| {{anchor|Link2.10}}
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| The National Motto of Talossa is "Miehen Huone on Hänen Valtakuntansa," translated "A Man's Room is his Kingdom."
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|
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| ==Article III: The King==
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| {{anchor|Link3.0}}
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| ===Section 1===
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| {{anchor|Link3.1}}
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| The Kingdom of Talossa is a constitutional, hereditary Monarchy with a King (or, if female, Queen) as its head of State. The Heir to the Throne shall be styled Prince (or, if female, Princess) of Prospect.
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|
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| ===Section 2===
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| {{anchor|Link3.2}}
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| The King is the symbolic head of the nation. The nation democratically grants the King and his successors certain Royal Powers: The right to declare national holidays, grant titles of nobility, make the annual Speech From the Throne on the 26th of December (or at other times when events warrant), to veto bills (or Prime Dictates), to issue Writs of Dissolution and Warrants of Prorogation for the Cosâ, to grant pardons and commute sentences, to confer awards and decorations, to appoint the Seneschál after elections, and to appoint Governors of Territories upon the advice of the Seneschál.
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|
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| ===Section 3===
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| {{anchor|Link3.3}}
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| The historic and official title of the King of Talossa is: "__________ (name), by the Grace of God, King of Talossa and of all its Realms and Regions, King of Cézembre, Sovereign Lord and Protector of Pengöpäts and the New Falklands, Defender of the Faith, Leader of the Armed Forces, Viceroy of Hoxha and Vicar of Atatürk, Founder of the Great Nation of Talossa." The title shall, along with the Royal dignity, pass to the King's successors. However, because the nation itself owes its existence to His Majesty, Robert I, King of Talossa, the phrase "Founder of the Great Nation of Talossa" shall not pass but shall appertain solely to His Majesty King Robert I.
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|
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| ===Section 4===
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| {{anchor|Link3.4}}
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| The Throne shall be inherited by the descendants of His Majesty, John I, King of Talossa. The present Royal Family is styled El Ca Lupul (The House and Dynasty of Lupul). Should the King at any time renounce or lose his citizenship, that renunciation or loss shall be deemed to imply his abdication of the Throne. Upon the demise, abdication, or removal from the Throne of any King, the Crown shall pass to his next heir; but if the King has no heir, the Crown shall pass to the next heir of the previous King, or (if he in turn has no heir) to the next heir of the next previous King before him, and so on, back to King John.<br />
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| <br />
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| For the purpose of determining who is the King's next heir, each person shall be followed in the line of succession by his natural legitimate children (whether born or unborn at the time of the King's death) in order of their birth (each followed by their own descendants).
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|
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| ===Section 5===
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| {{anchor|Link3.5}}
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| If the Crown should pass to any person who does not wish at that juncture to become King, who cannot legally be King, who is suspended from the line of succession, who is not a citizen of Talossa, or who has previously been King and has abdicated the Throne, it shall instead pass to the next person after him in the line of succession.
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|
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| ===Section 6===
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| {{anchor|Link3.6}}
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| The Ziu may, by a resolution of two thirds of each House, not subject to veto, suspend any person from his place in the line of succession, and may, by a resolution of a majority of either House, not subject to veto, remove such a suspension and restore the suspended person to his place.
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|
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| ===Section 7===
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| {{anchor|Link3.7}}
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| In dire circumstances, when the King is judged by competent medical authority to be incapable of executing his duties, or if he is convicted by the Talossan Uppermost Cort of violation of the Organic Law, treason, bribery, nonfeasance endangering the safety, order or good government of the Kingdom, or other high crimes, the nation may remove the King from the Throne. The Cosâ shall pronounce by a two-thirds vote, with the approval of the Senäts, that the King is to be deposed, and this pronouncement shall immediately be transmitted to the people for their verdict in a referendum. If a two-thirds majority of the people concur, the King is considered deposed and the succession occurs according to 3.4, above. ([[50RZ7]])
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|
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| ===Section 8===
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| {{anchor|Link3.8}}
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| From time to time, a Regent (or a Council of Regency, which is considered equivalent to a Regent) may be appointed, who shall administer the government in the name of the King, and exercise all powers Organically or legally vested in the King, except the power to appoint or replace a Regent. A King who has not attained the age of eighteen years, which age is declared to be the legal majority of the Sovereign, may exercise his royal powers only through a Regent. No person not a citizen of Talossa shall be competent to serve as Regent or member of a Council of Regency.
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|
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| ===Section 9===
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| {{anchor|Link3.9}}
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| The King may, at whim, appoint, replace, or remove a Regent, and may, by his last Will and Testament, appoint a Regent to serve during the minority of his successor. During the minority of the King, the Ziu may by law appoint a Regent. The Ziu may by law remove or replace any appointed Regent, and if the Ziu remove a Regent appointed by the King .at whim., the King may not reappoint the same person Regent without the prior consent of the Ziu.
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|
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| ===Section 10===
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| {{anchor|Link3.10}}
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| During the minority of the King, if the Regency for any reason be vacant, the Uppermost Cort shall be a Council of Regency.
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|
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| ===Section 11===
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| {{anchor|Link3.11}}
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| If on the death or abdication of the King there be no person entitled to succeed to the Throne, the Uppermost Cort shall be a Council of Regency pending the election of a new King, and the Ziu may, by a vote of two-thirds in each House, elect a King, who shall succeed to the Throne immediately upon ratification of his election by a majority of the people in a referendum to be held for that sole purpose.
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|
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| ===Section 12===
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| {{anchor|Link3.12}}
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| Among the first acts of his reign the King shall name a Privy Council (Sabôr, in Talossan) consisting of several Privy Councillors (called Guaïrs in Talossan) with whom he shall consult whenever possible on all matters of grave importance to the Kingdom, and whose duty shall be to offer the King the benefit of their individual and collective wisdom and advice. The King shall take care to include in this council those citizens with the longest and deepest connections to the ongoing historical life of the Kingdom, in particular those who are personally familiar with the homeland itself. Should at any time they deem it wise or necessary to do so, Privy Councillors .acting alone or in concert with fellow councillors . may publicly issue a "Letter to the King" about any matter of grave importance to the Kingdom. The Privy Councillors shall serve at the pleasure of the King. Privy Councillors shall be entitled to add the honorific initials "GST" to their signatures, for "Guaïr del Sabôr Talossán."
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|
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| ==Article IV: Election to the Senäts==
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| {{anchor|Link4.0}}
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| ===Section 1===
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| {{anchor|Link4.1}}
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| The Senäts, or in English the Senate, is the national legislative council and the upper house of the Ziu, and shall be composed of one Senator elected from each province.
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|
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| ===Section 2===
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| {{anchor|Link4.2}}
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| Elections for the filling of places in the Senäts shall be conducted simultaneously with general elections to the Cosa.
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|
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| ===Section 3===
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| {{anchor|Link4.3}}
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| Each time the Cosa shall be dissolved, there shall be an election for one-third of the total Senate seats (rounded to the nearest whole number). The exact fixed order of rotation of provinces for elections shall be set by law and shall require two-thirds vote in the Cosa with approval by the King and the Senäts to be modified.
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|
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| ===Section 4===
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| {{anchor|Link4.4}}
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| Except as otherwise provided in the Organic Law, any Talossan who may vote may only be elected or appointed to the Senäts for his or her own province. No Senator, even though elected or appointed to the Senäts, may actually vote his seat until he has been a citizen for one year, or served for six months as Secretary of State or Prime Minister, or received an order of knighthood from the King. No person may simultaneously hold more than one seat in the Senäts. ([[47RZ32]])
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|
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| ===Section 5===
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| {{anchor|Link4.5}}
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| ''Repealed as per [[50RZ2]].''
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|
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| ===Section 6===
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| {{anchor|Link4.6}}
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| Any Senatorial election conducted by the Chancery shall be conducted according to the provisions given in Section 6 of Article VII concerning election to the Cosa, and utilize Ranked Choice Voting. In case of a tie between two or more candidates, the executive officer of the province shall select one of those candidates to be the Senator. ([[49RZ26]])
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|
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| ===Section 7===
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| {{anchor|Link4.7}}
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| Unless a province explicitly requests that Chancery conduct the election to the Senate seat for that province, the province shall be responsible for doing so, and shall certify to the Chancery that the result represents the will of the people.
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|
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| ===Section 8===
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| {{anchor|Link4.8}}
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| If a voter returns more than one vote, the first one cast is counted and the others are ignored. If a voter initially forgets to vote in the Senate, the voter may, until the Election Deadline, still cast a vote for the Senate. ([[47RZ33]])
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|
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| ===Section 9===
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| {{anchor|Link4.9}}
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| When the Election Deadline has passed, a final tally of votes is publicly announced. Any votes arriving after the Deadline, even if they were posted before the Deadline, are null and void.
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|
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| ===Section 10===
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| {{anchor|Link4.10}}
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| If a Senator vacates his or her seat before the end of the term, the executive of the province shall appoint a Senator to sit until the next General Election or the next provincial election in that province, whichever is sooner, at which time the people of the province shall elect a Senator to serve the remainder of the term. If the provincial executive fails to appoint a Senator within a fortnight of the vacancy, the King or his Cunstavál shall appoint the Senator.
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|
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| ===Section 11===
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| {{anchor|Link4.11}}
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| Senators may be removed from office by the Uppermost Cort, for criminal activity or for mis-, mal-, or non-feasance.
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|
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| ===Section 12===
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| {{anchor|Link4.12}}
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| The Senate may impeach any of its members from the Chamber with a 2/3-majority vote. Following impeachment, a vote must be held within a fortnight within the home province for the duration of a fortnight with the issue of expulsion by a simple majority of participating voters. If the province votes in the affirmative for expulsion, the Senator will lose his seat immediately at the close of the polls and the outline for a new Senator in Article IV, 4.10 of the Organic Law will be invoked. If the province votes down expulsion, the impeachment charges will be dropped. Following a failed expulsion, the accused Senator may not again be tried for the same offence, pursuant to OrgLaw XIX.7. The former Senator is not barred from running for office in future elections as long as the former Senator maintains citizenship.
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|
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| ==Article V: Composition of the Senäts==
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| {{anchor|Link5.0}}
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| ===Section 1===
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| {{anchor|Link5.1}}
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| There shall be one Senator from each Province.
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|
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| ===Section 2===
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| {{anchor|Link5.2}}
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| No senator shall never be required to vacate his place during his term of service, due to a change in the qualifications of Senators.
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|
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| ===Section 3===
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| {{anchor|Link5.3}}
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| The King shall not under any circumstances be eligible to be elected or appointed to a place in the Senäts, and shall never be allowed to enter the Senäts, unless he is cited to testify in a Senate commission.
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|
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| ===Section 4===
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| {{anchor|Link5.4}}
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| ''(Repealed by amendment)''
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|
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| ===Section 5===
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| {{anchor|Link5.5}}
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| A Senator vacates his seats if he fails to vote on two consecutive Clarks, or if he resigns from office, loses his citizenship or dies.
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|
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| ===Section 6===
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| {{anchor|Link5.6}}
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| The Senäts shall have equal powers with the Cosâ in respect of all proposed laws except that:
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| *bills appropriating revenue or moneys shall not originate in the Senäts:
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| *the Government shall require the confidence of the Cosâ only, to remain in office.
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| In the event of the Senäts twice rejecting a bill appropriating revenue or moneys, the King may call a joint sitting of both houses of the Ziu which shall vote on the bill as one body. In voting in the joint sitting each member of the Ziu shall vote only once. The bill shall be passed in the joint sitting if it receives the support of a majority of members of the Ziu. If the votes are equal, the bill shall not have passed. If the bill appropriating revenue or moneys is not passed in the joint sitting, the Cosâ shall be dissolved by the King and go to a general election. Bills for the imposition or appropriation of fines or other monetary penalties, or for the demand or payment or appropriation of fees for licences or services, shall not be taken to appropriate revenue or moneys.
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|
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| ===Section 7===
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| {{anchor|Link5.7}}
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| The Senäts may also create Senatorial commissions according to guidelines which are to be defined by law.
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|
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| ===Section 8===
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| {{anchor|Link5.8}}
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| The Senäts shall, after every general election of a senator, choose one of its members to be the President of the Senäts to be called the Mençéi, or in English the Lord President; and as often as the office of Mençéi becomes vacant the Senäts shall again choose a senator to be the Mençéi. The Mençéi shall cease to hold office if he ceases to be a senator. The Mençéi may be removed from office by a vote of the Senäts, or he may resign his office or seat by writing addressed to the King, or by public declaration.
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|
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| ===Section 9===
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| {{anchor|Link5.9}}
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| Before or during any absence of the Mençéi, the Senäts may choose a senator to perform the duties of the Mençéi during such absence.
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|
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| ===Section 10===
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| {{anchor|Link5.10}}
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| Questions arising in the Senäts shall be determined by a majority of votes, and each senator shall have one vote. The Mençéi shall in all cases be entitled to vote; and when the votes are equal the question shall not have passed. Bills creating new provinces or changing the number of provinces in any way require two-thirds of the Senäts.
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|
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| ==Article VI: Political Parties==
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| {{anchor|Link6.0}}
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| ===Section 1===
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| {{anchor|Link6.1}}
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| Political parties may operate under rules of their own design. Each party must also abide by the appropriate principles herein enacted in this Organic Law.
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|
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| ===Section 2===
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| {{anchor|Link6.2}}
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| Only fully "registered" political parties may obtain seats in the Cosâ. Parties which win votes but are not fully registered may not assume their seats in the Cosâ until they are fully registered. ([[47RZ38]])
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|
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| ===Section 3===
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| To be fully registered, a party needs to both file an application to the chancery and pay any fees for registration as set by law. This fee shall be uniform for all parties. ([[47RZ38]])
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|
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| ===Section 4===
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| To file an application, the leader of a party needs to submit to the Chancery at least 24 hours prior to Ballot day the following documentation:
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| * The full party name
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| * The party initials as defined by law the voters will use to vote
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| * A 50-words or less statement of the general aims and views of the party
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| * The name of the party leader(s)
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| Upon filing an application, the party is “filed” or “pre-registered” and can be printed on the Ballot as one of the choices, regardless of status of payment.
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| At this moment or at any point before Ballot day, the leader of the party may also submit to the Chancery the following documentation for possible display on the ballot:
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| * The URL of a party platform
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| * A candidate list for seats ([[47RZ38]])
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|
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| ==Article VII: Elections to the Cosâ==
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| {{anchor|Link7.0}}
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| ===Section 1===
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| {{anchor|Link7.1}}
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| The Cosâ is the national legislative assembly and is elected by universal popular vote by all adult citizens (age 14 and over).
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|
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| ===Section 2===
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| {{anchor|Link7.2}}
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| The Cosâ shall be the sole body elected by the whole of the nation. It shall be elected by universal ballot after each dissolution.
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|
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| ===Section 3===
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| {{anchor|Link7.3}}
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| All elections to the Cosa are to be conducted during a period beginning from the fifteenth day of the calendar month following the dissolution of the prior Cosa until 11:59 p.m. on the fourteenth day of the subsequent month. All ballots must be cast by 7:30 p.m. on the first day of the subsequent month. The first day of this period is called “Balloting Day”, the first day of the subsequent month is called the “Election Deadline”, and the final day of the period is called the “Certification Deadline.” ([[50RZ15]])
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|
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| ===Section 4===
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| {{anchor|Link7.4}}
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| The Secretary of State shall, along with an Electoral Commission, certify each election to the Cosa, including any additional ballot items, pursuant to rules, regulations, and deadlines as prescribed by the Ziu; notwithstanding that any such certification must be made following the Election Deadline and prior to the Certification Deadline, unless an order be issued by a court of competent jurisdiction to stay the Certification Deadline. ([[50RZ15]])
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|
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| ===Section 5===
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| {{anchor|Link7.5}}
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| During the election period as defined in this article, the Secretary of State shall in every particular conduct the election according to the election laws in such a manner which affords to every citizen the opportunity to cast a vote for the party of his choice, affords every citizen the opportunity the choice to vote either publicly or privately, and does not discriminate against any party or individual in the collection or tallying of votes. The Secretary of State shall make public the exact procedures by which he will comply with election law, subject to certification by an Electoral Commission as prescribed by law. ([[50RZ15]])
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|
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| ===Section 6===
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| {{anchor|Link7.6}}
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| When the Election Deadline has passed, a tally of votes is publicly announced. Any votes cast after the Election Deadline, are null and void. Furthermore, if a voter returns mor than one vote at any time during the election period, the first one cast is counted and the others are ignored. ([[50RZ15]])
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|
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| ===Section 7===
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| {{anchor|Link7.7}}
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| ''Repealed by ([[50RZ15]])''
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|
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| ===Section 8===
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| {{anchor|Link7.8}}
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| ''Repealed by ([[50RZ15]])''
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|
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| ===Section 9===
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| {{anchor|Link7.9}}
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| ''Repealed by ([[50RZ15]])''
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|
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| ===Section 10===
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| {{anchor|Link7.10}}
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| In the case of vacant seats occurring between elections, the Secretary of State shall inform the King and the leader of whatever party held the vacant seat. The King shall appoint a replacement to each vacancy. If the seat belonged to a party with a functioning party leader, the King must appoint as a replacement whichever person shall be so designated by that party's leader. If there is no functioning party leader, or if the party leader refuses to designate a replacement, the King shall appoint the replacement according to his own best judgement.
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|
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| ==Article VIII: Composition of the Cosâ==
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| {{anchor|Link8.0}}
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| ===Section 1===
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| {{anchor|Link8.1}}
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| The Cosâ is composed of 200 seats, apportioned among political parties based on their performance in the General Election.
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|
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| ===Section 2===
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| {{anchor|Link8.2}}
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| Based on the final vote tally, the Secretary of State shall calculate the apportionment of seats among the parties. Each party shall receive a percentage of the seats as equal as possible to its percentage of the popular vote.<br />
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| <br />
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| Each party shall receive a whole number of seats in the final tally. In the event of a single seat being divided among two or more parties mathematically, the party with the highest number of total votes will be used, and in case of a tie, percentile dice will be used to determine a single owner for the divided seat, with chances proportional to the percentage of the vote received. <br />
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| <br />
| |
| The Secretary of State shall employ whatever mathematical formulae and calculations in the apportionment of seats, as will best reflect the intentions of this Act. The Uppermost Cort shall be the final judge in case of mathematical disputes.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 3===
| |
| {{anchor|Link8.3}}
| |
| Each party shall assign its seats to such individuals as it sees fit, subject to regulations regarding the reporting of such individuals prior to elections set forth by law, provided that each such individual is eligible to serve in the Cosa under this article and is assigned a whole number of seats. The Ziu may by law establish a maximum number of seats that any one Member of the Cosa may hold by law, but the minimum number of Members of the Cosa shall be no less than the number of Senators, and the same limit shall apply to all Members of the Cosa, and any changes to the limit shall take effect no earlier than the distribution of seats after the next General Election. ([[49RZ23]])
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 4===
| |
| {{anchor|Link8.4}}
| |
| Each person holding one or more seats is a representative known as a "Member of the Cosa" (MC). MCs may not be removed from office except by a two-thirds vote by the Cosâ and approval by the King. An MC vacates his seats if he fails to vote on two consecutive Clarks, or if he resigns from office or dies. Any seats left unassigned at the end of the first Clark of the government are considered vacant.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 5===
| |
| {{anchor|Link8.5}}
| |
| Each MC may represent, for ceremonial purposes, a particular geographical "constituency." The exact procedure will be determined by law. ([[47RZ37]])
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 6===
| |
| {{anchor|Link8.6}}
| |
| Except as otherwise provided by law, anyone eligible to vote in Talossa is eligible to hold any governmental position, including Member of the Cosâ. However, neither a reigning King, nor his Consort, nor a Regent during his regency, nor the Secretary of State shall hold any seats, either in the Cosâ or in the Senäts, nor shall any Senator hold any seats in the Cosa. But if a member of the Ziu is appointed Regent, and does not wish to resign his or her seats, a temporary replacement shall be appointed who shall occupy the Regent's seats until he or she is no longer Regent or his or her term of occupation of those seats expires. The method of appointing the temporary holder of the Regent's seats shall be specified in law. ([[47RZ31]])
| |
|
| |
| ==Article IX: The Secretary of State, the Hopper, and the Clark==
| |
| {{anchor|Link9.0}}
| |
| ===Section 1===
| |
| {{anchor|Link9.1}}
| |
| The Secretary of State shall be appointed and dismissed as specified by law, and he or she shall supervise, and shall organise the legislative business of the Ziu. He or she shall do this by administering a public venue for the inspection of legislative proposals before they become bills, “The Hopper” and by compiling and publishing the monthly legislative journal, “The Clark”. The Secretary of State has the right to appoint deputies. Responsibilities, appointment, and dismissal of deputies shall be governed by law. ([[49RZ22]])
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 2===
| |
| {{anchor|Link9.2}}
| |
| Any Member of the Cosă, or a Senator, or the King, or the Secretary of State, shall have the right to submit legislative proposals, and bills to the Secretary of State for consideration by the Ziu according to the procedures specified in this article, and specified by law. Within the bounds and rules imposed by law, tradition, and reason, the Secretary of State shall ensure that all legislators be allowed to submit their bills for consideration. ([[47RZ31]], [[49RZ22]])
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 3===
| |
| {{anchor|Link9.3}}
| |
| All bills received by the Secretary of State during one calendar month shall be compiled into a published legislative journal, to be called “The Clark”. The Clark shall be compiled prior to the first day of the following month, and shall be published on that day.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 4===
| |
| {{anchor|Link9.4}}
| |
| At his discretion, the Prime Minister shall have the right to withdraw any legislative proposal from “The Hopper”, and instruct the Secretary of State to treat it as a properly submitted bill. Prime Dictates are exempt from all provisions relating unto legislative proposals.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 5===
| |
| {{anchor|Link9.5}}
| |
| If any bill seeks to amend, change, or repeal any Article of the Organic Law or any Law, the bill must specify exactly the Law(s) or Article(s), which it seeks to amend, change, or repeal. The Secretary of State may refuse to accept bills that do not comply with this provision.
| |
|
| |
| ==Article X: Passing Legislation==
| |
| {{anchor|Link10.0}}
| |
| ===Section 1===
| |
| {{anchor|Link10.1}}
| |
| The Ziu is the only body authorized to consider and enact legislation binding upon the entire nation. The Ziu is composed of the King, the Senäts, and the Cosâ.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 2===
| |
| {{anchor|Link10.2}}
| |
| The legislative business of the Ziu is supervised by the Secretary of State. At the start of every month the Secretary of State shall make a copy of the most recent Clark available to all the members of the Cosâ (MCs) and senators. Every MC and senator shall vote on every bill in every Clark (by post, telephone, or electronic device), and MCs and senators will have until the end of business on the twenty-first day of the calendar month to submit their votes to the Secretary of State.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 3===
| |
| {{anchor|Link10.3}}
| |
| An MC and senator must vote "për" (to a bill he approves), "contrâ" (to a bill he disapproves), or "austanéu" (for an abstention) on every bill. An MC's or senator's votes must be cast on time in order to be valid.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 4===
| |
| {{anchor|Link10.4}}
| |
| After the close of Ziu business, the Secretary will make known to the press as soon as possible the results of the votes. The next Clark will publish a list of who voted for what bill, and which bills won or lost, and by how much.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 5===
| |
| {{anchor|Link10.5}}
| |
| Except where otherwise provided in this Organic Law any bill which receives more "për" votes than "contrâ" votes in the Cosâ and the Senäts is considered to have been adopted by the Ziu. All other bills are considered to have been rejected. Any bill adopted by the Ziu is sent at once to the King for his assent.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 6===
| |
| {{anchor|Link10.6}}
| |
| Every bill which passes the Ziu shall be presented to the King before it comes into effect. The King may sign such a Bill, in which case it shall immediately enter into effect and become law; or he may veto the Bill, in which case it shall be returned, with his objections, to the Ziu, which shall reconsider it in the next Clark. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of the Cosă agree to pass the bill, or the part of the bill objected to, with the approval of the Senäts, it shall become a law over the objection of the King. If a bill vetoed by the King in a certain term of the Cosă is passed by a simple majority of the Cosă and the Senäts in the subsequent term of the Cosă, the bill shall become law over the King’s objections, and cannot be vetoed. If the King neither signs nor vetoes a Bill before the last day of the month in which it was passed by the Ziu, he shall be deemed to have signed it. ([[50RZ19]])
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 7===
| |
| {{anchor|Link10.7}}
| |
| Except where otherwise provided in this Organic Law, when determining the outcome of a vote in either house of the Ziu, "austanéu" votes will not be counted.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 8===
| |
| {{anchor|Link10.8}}
| |
| The Ziu is prohibited from passing ex post facto laws and Bills of Attainder, or from concluding military capitulations or surrenders.
| |
|
| |
| ==Article XI: The Seneschál==
| |
| {{anchor|Link11.0}}
| |
| ===Section 1===
| |
| {{anchor|Link11.1}}
| |
| The head of the Government, or Prime Minister, shall be called, and is in this Organic Law referred to as, the Seneschál, or "PM." Any Talossan is eligible to be Seneschál; however, the King of Talossa may never be Seneschál.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 2===
| |
| {{anchor|Link11.2}}
| |
| The King appoints the Seneschal. If a single party occupies a majority of the seats in the Cosâ, the King shall choose as PM whichever individual shall be designated by that party. If no single party has a majority, the King shall appoint a Seneschál after consulting party leaders with the objective of finding a PM who can be sustained in subsequent Votes of Confidence by a majority of seats in the Cosâ. The King must appoint a new Seneschál or announce the continuation of the incumbent in office within one month of the end of elections, or, if after one month no candidate can be appointed with the support of a Cosa majority, dissolve the Cosa after the first Clark and call for new elections.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 3===
| |
| {{anchor|Link11.3}}
| |
| The Seneschál shall be sworn in by reciting the historic Oath of Office in the Talossan language, if possible in the presence of a copy of the historic book, The Loom of Language. He shall raise his right hand and take the Oath verbally in the presence of the King or a member of the Uppermost Cort, either in person or over the phone. In place of reciting the entire Oath he may simply affirm by the word 'üc' his intention to abide by its terms. The historic Oath of Office is as follows:<br />
| |
| <br />
| |
| "Eu afirm, solenâmînt, që eu, [nôminâ], cün fidálità, rompliarhéu l'ôifisch da Sieu Maxhestà së Seneschál del Regipäts Talossán, és zefençarhéu, àl miglhôr da v'aválità, la sigürità del Estat Talossán. Så viva el Regeu!" (Translation: I do solemnly affirm that I, [name], will faithfully execute the office of His Majesty's First Minister of the Kingdom of Talossa, and will to the best of my ability defend the integrity of the Talossan State. Long live the King!)
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 4===
| |
| {{anchor|Link11.4}}
| |
| The Seneschal has State duties. He may advise the King to dissolve the Cosa and to appoint and remove members of the Cabinet. His advice to the King on these matters may not be refused. The Seneschal may issues Speeches to the Nation in writing, declare war pending the approval of the Cosa, write treaties pending the approval of the Cosa, expedite the Ziu's consideration of legislation, and issue Prime Dictates.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 5===
| |
| {{anchor|Link11.5}}
| |
| Prime Dictates (PD's) are public declarations which affect government policy and have the force of law. They take effect upon their countersignature by the King, function as laws for all purposes, with such exceptions and subject to such conditions as the Ziu may enact by statute. If a Prime Dictate is vetoed by the King, the Cosâ may introduce the text of the PD as a regular bill and, if it receives two-thirds of the vote, it becomes law over the King's objection. A PD may never be used to amend the Organic Law. PD's shall be published at the earliest possible opportunity in the Clark
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 6===
| |
| {{anchor|Link11.6}}
| |
| Should a petition supported by members of the Cosa holding more than half the seats therein be presented to the Crown instructing the King to replace the Seneschal, the King shall accede to the petition, and shall replace the Seneschal with any specific person named in the petition, or, lacking any specific recommendation for a successor, with any person who the Crown believes will command the confidence of the Cosa.
| |
|
| |
| ==Article XII: The Government (Cabinet)==
| |
| {{anchor|Link12.0}}
| |
| ===Section 1===
| |
| {{anchor|Link12.1}}
| |
| The King appoints and dismisses members of the Government (Cabinet), and their subordinates, on the advice of the Seneschál. The Government consists of the Seneschál, the Distáin, the Foreign Minister, Defence Minister, Immigration Minister, and Minister of Stuff. Various other ministries may also be appointed as the Seneschál sees fit.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 2===
| |
| {{anchor|Link12.2}}
| |
| Cabinet Ministers are responsible to the Seneschál, whom they advise and from whom they receive direction, and exercise state power with his consent.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 3===
| |
| {{anchor|Link12.3}}
| |
| The Foreign Minister shall be in charge of all official correspondence between the Kingdom and foreign powers.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 4===
| |
| {{anchor|Link12.4}}
| |
| The Defence Minister shall be in charge of the armed and moral forces of the Kingdom during peacetime and during times of declared war. During the latter periods, he is to be referred to as "War Minister."
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 5===
| |
| {{anchor|Link12.5}}
| |
| The Immigration Minister shall supervise the immigration of new citizens into Talossa, in consultation with the Uppermost Cort.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 6===
| |
| {{anchor|Link12.6}}
| |
| The Minister of Stuff shall prepare, at the behest of the Cosâ, the Seneschál, or on his own initiative, informative texts about the Kingdom of Talossa.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 7===
| |
| {{anchor|Link12.7}}
| |
| Beyond these general guidelines, the duties of Ministers will be set by tradition and expediency.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 8===
| |
| {{anchor|Link12.8}}
| |
| The King shall appoint a member of the Government to be Distáin (Deputy Prime Minister) on the advice of the Seneschál. The Distain shall act in place of the Seneschal in the event of the latter's death, resignation, absence, or disability, until a new Seneschal shall be appointed. The Ziu may by law establish procedures for determining the absence or disability of the Seneschal.
| |
|
| |
| ==Article XIII: Duration of the Cosâ and the Government==
| |
| {{anchor|Link13.0}}
| |
| ===Section 1===
| |
| {{anchor|Link13.1}}
| |
| Duration of the Cosâ. The Cosâ convenes on the first day of the month after general elections, to coincide with the publication of the first Clark. Its term is roughly six months, each month coinciding with a Clark. During its last month the King shall issue a Writ of Dissolution ending its term. At the time the Cosâ is dissolved, all its members shall resign, but any Members holding positions in the Government may remain in those positions till the outcome of the election is resolved. ([[47RZ37]])
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 2===
| |
| {{anchor|Link13.2}}
| |
| Warrant of Prorogation. At any time after elections, but before the first Clark of the new Cosâ has been published, the King may issue a Warrant of Prorogation on the advice of the incoming Seneschál. Such a Warrant quashes the publication of the first Clark of the new Cosâ and allows the Seneschál one further month in which to form a government or prepare his government's legislative agenda. If a Warrant of Prorogation is issued, the incoming government loses one month of its six-month term, and may only issue and vote on a maximum of five Clarks before new elections are called.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 3===
| |
| {{anchor|Link13.3}}
| |
| The Seneschál may insert between any two Clarks, or after the final Clark, a "month of recess" in which no Clark is published and no Cosâ or Senäts business is conducted. No more than one "month of recess" may be declared during any one term of office.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 4===
| |
| {{anchor|Link13.4}}
| |
| Early Dissolution of the Cosâ. The King may issue Writs of Dissolution to dissolve the Cosâ before its term has expired. The Seneschal may appeal for such a Writ of Dissolution, and if the appeal is presented accompanied by the explicit support of members of the Cosa representing a majority of seats therein, the King shall dissolve the Cosa effective immediately or, should the Cosa be in session, upon its next recess. If the appeal lacks such an explicit expression of support from a majority of the Cosa, the King shall not act on the appeal for a period of three days following its receipt, and shall then accede to the appeal but only if the Crown has not been presented during that time with a petition, supported by members of the Cosa representing more than half the seats therein, praying that the Cosa be not dissolved. A Writ, once issued, takes effect only at the end of the month in which it was issued, and may be rescinded before it has taken effect. If there is a Clark being voted on that month, all voting on that Clark may be completed before the Writ takes effect. The effect of a Writ of Dissolution is to dissolve the Cosâ and to call new elections.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 5===
| |
| {{anchor|Link13.5}}
| |
| Duration of the Government. Members of the Government take office when appointed by the King and leave office when dismissed by the King. Such appointments and dismissals are regulated elsewhere in this Organic Law.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 6===
| |
| {{anchor|Link13.6}}
| |
| Vote of Confidence. The Clark must contain, in every edition, a Vote of Confidence. This reads as follows: "Do you wish the current Government to continue in its term of office?" Each MC must answer this question in his Clark ballot every month, either with a "yes" or a "no." If at the end of any month the "no" vote outnumbers the "yes" vote, the King shall dissolve the Cosâ and call new elections.
| |
|
| |
| ==Article XIV: Living Cosâ==
| |
| {{anchor|Link14.0}}
| |
| ===Section 1===
| |
| {{anchor|Link14.1}}
| |
| The Cosâ may hold Living Cosâs (live parliamentary meetings) by law. To do so, a bill must be presented to the Cosâ naming the specific month in which the event is to take place, and pass the Cosâ by a two-thirds vote.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 2===
| |
| {{anchor|Link14.2}}
| |
| The exact date and location of the Living Cosâ shall be set by the Seneschál after consultation with all relevant parties. All members must receive two weeks notice of the date of the Living Cosâ, and an honest attempt must be made beforehand to schedule a date for the meeting that as many MCs as possible can attend.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 3===
| |
| {{anchor|Link14.3}}
| |
| The Seneschál may, if events warrant, issue a PD authorizing a Living Cosâ in the following calendar month. Such a PD may be vetoed (in addition to normal means) by a formal protest to the Secretary of State by Members of the Cosâ comprising one-third or greater the number of elected seats in the Cosâ. When setting the date of the Living Cosâ by PD in this fashion, the Seneschál must abide by the conditions set down in the preceding Section.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 4===
| |
| {{anchor|Link14.4}}
| |
| Members who cannot attend will not be denied the right to vote on that month's Clark. They may send their votes to the Secretary of State by any means feasible, so that they can be announced at the Living Cosâ. A member may, in writing, delegate his authority to vote (temporarily transfer his seats) to another person who can attend the Living Cosâ, but no individual may hold more than thirty seats, counting both proxy and permanently assigned seats, for purposes of the Living Cosâ. The Ziu may provide by law for quorum requirements, and for attendance via telephone, videoconference, or other remote means.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 5===
| |
| {{anchor|Link14.5}}
| |
| Votes presented to the Secretary of State after the Living Cosâ will not be counted in the final tally. The final tally of votes on all bills is taken at the end of the Living Cosâ. This article takes precedence over any other provision to the contrary.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 6===
| |
| {{anchor|Link14.6}}
| |
| New bills, or amendments, may not be presented at the Living Cosâ. No bill not published in the Clark may be debated. Clarks will be published on schedule as usual.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 7===
| |
| {{anchor|Link14.7}}
| |
| Senators shall be permitted to participate in Living Cosâ debates on the same terms as MCs, but may not delegate or exercise proxy votes. During a Living Cosâ month, the Senäts shall vote normally (as specified in 14.2 of Article IX), except that senators must submit their votes to the Secretary of State by the time of the final tally specified in 14.5 above.
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|
| |
| ==Article XV: Amendments to the Organic Law==
| |
| {{anchor|Link15.0}}
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 1===
| |
| {{anchor|Link15.1}}
| |
| The Organic Law may be amended by the Ziu and the people in accordance with the provisions of this article.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 2===
| |
| {{anchor|Link15.2}}
| |
| Amendments to the Organic Law may be proposed by two-thirds of the Cosa with approval of the Senäts. Approval of the Senäts shall be by simple majority, except that amendments to this article, amendments to the articles regarding election to and composition of the Senäts, and amendments to the article regarding territorial subdivisions require approval of two-thirds of the Senäts.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 3===
| |
| {{anchor|Link15.3}}
| |
| The King shall assent to amendments proposed by the Cosa and Senäts unless he returns them with his objections within thirty days of their proposal, or within fifteen days in the case of amendments passed on the last Clark of a Cosa term. The King shall not refuse assent if the identical amendment is approved by three-quarters of the same Cosa with an absolute majority of the Senäts, or by two-thirds of the following Cosa with a simple majority of the Senäts.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 4===
| |
| {{anchor|Link15.4}}
| |
| After approval by the Ziu in accordance with the preceding sections, a proposed amendment shall be submitted to the people in a referendum. If the King objected to the proposed amendment under the preceding section, a statement of his objections not exceeding one hundred and fifty words shall be provided to the people along with the proposed amendment. The amendment shall take effect, and the King shall promulgate the amendment as part of this Organic Law, if it is approved by a majority of voters participating in a referendum on the question of the amendment no later than during the next scheduled general election following the approval of the Ziu, except as provided in the following sections. ([[50RZ18]])
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 5===
| |
| {{anchor|Link15.5}}
| |
| Proposed changes to this Organic Law that affect the representation of a province in the Senäts, or of the territory or equal sovereignty of a province, shall not be promulgated unless approved by a majority of participating voters in that province.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 6===
| |
| {{anchor|Link15.6}}
| |
| The Covenants of Rights and Freedoms, being sacred and necessary to the defence of our free society, are entrenched provisions of this Organic Law. No amendment to the Covenants shall be promulgated unless approved by a two-thirds majority of voters participating in the referendum on the question of the amendment.
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|
| |
| ==Article XVI: The Courts==
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.0}}
| |
| ===Section 1===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.1}}
| |
| The judicial power of Talossa shall be vested in one Cort pü Inalt, in English the Uppermost Cort, and in such inferior courts as the Cosâ may from time to time establish. The judges of the Cort pü Inalt and any inferior courts shall be elected in accordance with Article XVI, Section 4, and shall hold their offices for life (or until resignation), and may be removed by either a two-thirds vote in the Cosâ with approval by the King and the Senäts or due to inactivity as defined by failure to act, rule, or appear in an open case the justice is assigned to or participating in for more than 60 days, as certified by the Ziu in a majority vote. ([[47RZ39]])
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 2===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.2}}
| |
| (a) The Cort pü Inalt shall consist of five Justices.<br />
| |
| (b) Any justice may serve as a trial judge in any case brought before the judiciary.<br />
| |
| (c) Appeals to any trial judge rulings shall be heard by a quorum of three Justices (or by a single justice as described in Article XVI Section 8). The original trial judge may serve on the appeals panel if no other justice is available to fill a quorum.<br />
| |
| (d) The five members of the Cort pü Inalt are co-equal for all purposes. However, the Justice which has served on the Cort pü Inalt for the longest overall period of time is designated ceremonially as "Senior Justice."<br />
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 3===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.3}}
| |
| Neither a reigning King nor his Consort, nor a Regent during his regency, nor the Secretary of State, nor the Seneschal, nor any public prosecutor, nor any Senator shall be a Justice of the Cort pü Inalt.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 4===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.4}}
| |
| (a)In the event of a vacancy in the Cort pü Inalt, any member of the Ziu may nominate a replacement. The nominee shall be approved by a two-thirds vote in the Cosâ and a majority vote in the Senäts in favour of his appointment. Upon such approval and upon making the declaration subscribed in subsection (b), the King shall appoint the nominee as a Justice of the Cort pü Inalt and he shall then take his seat for life. The King may, stating his reasons for doing so, refuse to appoint the nominee, in which case the Ziu shall re-consider the nominee or nominate a new nominee. If after reconsideration of the nominee, two-thirds of the Cosâ and a majority of the Senäts have approved the nomination, then the King may not refuse to appoint the nominee as a Justice of the Cort pü Inalt.
| |
| (b) Every person appointed a justice shall publically make to the Citizens of Talossa and subscribe to the following declaration:
| |
|
| |
| "I, [NAME], do solemnly, sincerely and truly affirm and declare that I will duly, faithfully and to the best of my knowledge and ability execute the office of [Justice of El Cort pü Inalt] without fear or favour, affection or ill will towards any man, woman or child and that I will uphold the Organic Law and the laws of the Kingdom of Talossa. This I do solemnly affirm."
| |
| (c) The declaration in subsection (b) shall be made and subscribed by every justice before entering upon his duties as such justice, and in any case not later than ten days after the date of his appointment. Any justice who declines or neglects to make such declaration as aforesaid, within this timeframe, shall be deemed to have resigned his office.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 5===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.5}}
| |
| Where there is an exact precedent, a court shall rule according to law. Where there is no exact precedent, a court will make a rule to fit the case, either by reinterpreting an old rule (statutory or otherwise) or by applying what it considers principles of justice, consistent with the Covenants of Rights and Freedoms. The courts shall render their decisions with due regard to the original intent of any law being clarified, as defined by the law's author(s). In the event of a difference in interpretation as to the meaning of a law, the court shall render an official interpretation with full respect to the Covenants of Rights and Freedoms. If one of the judges wrote the law, he does not have to step down and designate a temporary replacement.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 6===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.6}}
| |
| The courts shall consent to hear no case until presented with written evidence by the Prosecution proving to a majority of court members that a reasonable chance of obtaining a conviction actually exists. The courts, by majority vote, may refuse to hear any case, in effect confirming the defendant's (or status quo) position. The Uppermost Cort must supply any plaintiff whose case it refuses to hear a written justification of such refusal. Because of double jeopardy, a case dismissed may not be brought again.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 7===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.7}}
| |
| If a judge or Justice is a party in a court case, he shall exempt himself from the bench for the duration of the case, and nominate a temporary replacement, who will be approved by the other judges or Justices of the court.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 8===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.8}}
| |
| No court shall issue any authoritative decision without the fullest opportunity for all members assigned to a case to consider the case in question. However, a single Justice of the Uppermost Cort may hear a case on his own if this is acceptable to at least two other members of the Cort. He shall be appointed to do so by majority vote of the entire five-person Cort. If, after every reasonable attempt is made to contact all other members of the Cort, and three weeks (21 days) has passed since initial contact without any response, their silence shall be read as consent that an individual Justice may hear the case in question on his own. The duly nominated (either by active agreement or silence) Justice shall render a decision on the case as if he were a majority of the whole Cort. His decision becomes that of the Cort itself and may not be appealed nor shall it establish binding precedent in future cases.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 9===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.9}}
| |
| In the event that a court discovers unclear or confusing language in the Organic Law or in any law, the court may as part of its written decision call upon the Ziu, or if relevant, the Provincial legislature to revise the law. Until such confusion is resolved, the court shall rule according to the most just and equitable understanding of the law, according to the plain meaning of the words, or if such words have acquired a technical meaning at law, according to the technical meaning.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 10===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.10}}
| |
| The Cort shall try persons for all offences under law, such as a person doing something he should not, or not doing something he should. The Cort shall inflict such punishment as the law provides.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 11===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.11}}
| |
| Cort decisions (and dissents) will be written up in the Clark if the authors want them to, with due regard to brevity.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 12===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.12}}
| |
| The courts shall have power to enforce penalties against violators, commensurate with the severity of the crime. The Uppermost Cort may in certain extreme circumstances impose the penalty of expulsion from the country, by a unanimous vote. Sentences may only be overturned by Royal Pardon.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 13===
| |
| {{anchor|Link16.13}}
| |
| Any judge or justice may issue court orders or injunctions according to the generally accepted principles of Anglo-American law. These injunctions may order a party to perform his legal duty, or may prevent the enforcement of a law which may be Inorganic (unconstitutional). Violation of an injunction is treated as contempt of court. The final arbiter of the organicity of injunctions is the Uppermost Cort of Talossa.
| |
|
| |
| ==Article XVII: Territorial Subdivisions==
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.0}}
| |
| ===Section 1===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.1}}
| |
| The metropolitan territory of Talossa is subdivided into Cantons (els Cantons) and Provinces. Cantons are defined according to historical borders, but Provinces may, subject to approval by the Ziu, alter these borders, including to create new Cantons. Provinces may also establish such internal subdivisions as they find necessary or convenient for local government. The Canton is the smallest possible territorial subdivision which can be transferred from one Provincial jurisdiction to another.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 2===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.2}}
| |
| All Talossan citizens shall belong to the Province in which they live. Citizens living outside of Talossa are assigned to a Province by the Ziu at the time of their naturalization by the Ziu, in accordance with the laws in place.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 3===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.3}}
| |
| No person shall have his assignment to a Province altered without his express consent, even if the Ziu shall see fit to redraw the geographic assignment boundaries. However, a Talossan living in Talossa shall always be assigned to the province in which he lives, even when provincial borders change and his home is thereby "reassigned" to a different province.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 4===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.4}}
| |
| Territories are Cantons (or groups thereof) which are not self-governing. They are administered by Governors appointed by the King on the advice of the Seneschál and subject to laws of the Ziu;. Pengöpäts Antarctic Territory forms an exception to this rule (see 17.11, below).
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 5===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.5}}
| |
| Provinces are Cantons (or groups thereof) which are self-governing and autonomous. They are administered by constitutional governments elected democratically within the Province. Provincial borders may only be changed by the Ziu with the consent of the Province or Provinces in question.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 6===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.6}}
| |
| The Ziu shall, subject to this Organic Law, have power to make laws for the peace, welfare, and good government of the Kingdom with respect to:
| |
|
| |
| # The repeal and amendment, subject to this Organic Law, of federal legislation made prior to this Organic Law coming into effect;
| |
| # Census and statistics;
| |
| # Weights and measures;
| |
| # Currency, coinage and legal tender;
| |
| # Appropriation, and outlays of the public revenue and moneys of the Kingdom, but so as not to discriminate between Provinces or Territories or parts thereof;
| |
| # Copyrights, patents, and trade marks;
| |
| # Postal, telegraphic, telephonic, radio, television, internet, and other like services;
| |
| # The defence of the Kingdom, and parts thereof;
| |
| # The control of the forces to execute and maintain the laws of the Kingdom;
| |
| # Corporations formed under the laws of the Kingdom;
| |
| # Immigration and emigration, naturalization and aliens;
| |
| # Treason and sedition;
| |
| # The seat of government of the Kingdom;
| |
| # External affairs, including foreign trade, commerce, borders and transportation;
| |
| # Matters referred to the Ziu by the government of any Province, but so that the law shall extend only to the Province by whose government the matter is referred, or which afterwards adopts the law;
| |
| # Matters incidental to the execution of Federal government, without prejudice to the inherent sovereignty of the Provinces;
| |
| # Symbols, flags, heraldry, anthems, cultural events and other like things of the Kingdom of Talossa; but not of the individual Provinces (the Ziu may make exception for the defence of traditional nomenclature or heraldry in place before the adoption of this Organic Law);
| |
| # Disputes and relations between Provinces;
| |
| # The creation of new Provinces, such that the sovereignty and territory of any extant Province is not altered without the consent of that Province.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 7===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.7}}
| |
| Where any law of a Province, concerning an area of power outlined in 17.6, is inconsistent with a law of the Kingdom, the Provincial law shall be invalid to the extent of the inconsistency.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 8===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.8}}
| |
| All powers not vested in the Kingdom by this Organic Law shall be vested exclusively in the Provinces.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 9===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.9}}
| |
| Each Province shall govern itself in such a manner as to guarantee its citizens the full protection of their rights under this Organic Law. Provincial elections may, if so specified in a Province's constitution, be conducted by the Chancery at the same time as elections to the Cosâ, and in accordance with the national election laws and rules. The King shall appoint a Cunstavál (or Constable) for each Province. Until such time as the King or Cunstavál proclaims a provincial constitution providing otherwise, a Province's Cunstavál shall serve as Military Governor and may exercise all the powers of the provincial government. No Cunstavál shall proclaim any provincial constitution or constitutional amendment which:
| |
| *Conflicts with any provision of this Organic Law,
| |
| *Grants to the King (and consequently to the Cunstavál as the King's representative in the Province) royal powers less extensive than those granted to the King on the national level, except that the provincial royal powers need not include a right of dissolution if provincial elections are held concurrently with Cosâ elections,
| |
| *Fails to provide a right to appeal decisions of the provincial court or courts (if any) to the Cort pü Înalt or such other national courts as may be created by the Ziu, or
| |
| (In the case of the adoption of a new constitution, is not approved by a referendum in which at least either a majority of all citizens of the province or a two-thirds majority of votes actually cast is in favor of the constitution.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 10===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.10}}
| |
| For purposes of this Organic Law, the Isle of Cézembre shall form an inalienable part of the metropolitan territory of the Kingdom. It shall be a single Province, subdivided into two Cantons, separated by the so-called Line of Death as surveyed on 2 July 1986. Both Cantons are Talossan soil, notwithstanding the French military occupation. These Cantons shall bear their traditional names, Zone autorisée and Zone interdite.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 11===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.11}}
| |
| Talossa's overseas colony, Pengöpäts Antarctic Territory, forms an irrevocable part of the national patrimony and shall never be abandoned. It shall be administered by a Governor appointed for an indefinite period by the King on the advice of the Seneschál.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 12===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.12}}
| |
| No Township, Parish, Canton, Province, Territory, or other area of Talossan territory may secede from Talossa, nor pass any law contravening any point of this Organic Law unless explicitly permitted to do so herein.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 13===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.13}}
| |
| No new province shall be constituted after the adoption of this Organic
| |
| Law unless said proposed province shall contain within it a working
| |
| constitution with an elected government and a citizenry comprising at least
| |
| ten persons.<br />
| |
| <br />
| |
| Notwithstanding this section, all provinces shall be guaranteed equal
| |
| representation in the Senäts.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 14===
| |
| {{anchor|Link17.14}}
| |
| No person shall be at the same time Cunstavál of one province and the leader of the provincial government of another province.
| |
|
| |
| ==Article XVIII: Citizenship and Rights==
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.0}}
| |
| ===Section 1===
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.1}}
| |
| Talossan citizenship is only acquired through organic (legal) means. The exact procedure for naturalization shall be determined by law.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 2===
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.2}}
| |
| Residents of Talossan territory who are not Talossan citizens are considered "Cestoûrs" (indigenous persons) and are not entitled to participate in the political process of Talossa.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 3===
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.3}}
| |
| Any foreigner or Cestoûr who feels in his heart that he is Talossan may acquire Talossan citizenship by following the procedures of the citizenship law.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 4===
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.4}}
| |
| The former content of this 18.has been struck from the Organic Law; the numbering of the sections of this article has been preserved.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 5===
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.5}}
| |
| If the Uppermost Cort shall at any subsequent time find any fraud or dishonesty in a Citizen's original application for citizenship, including his statements to the Cort or to Cosâ members, it may impose the penalty of expulsion from Talossa. The King may commute such a sentence. ([[49RZ29]])
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 6===
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.6}}
| |
| Any person, whose citizenship is denied, may reapply by undergoing the entire procedure (minus any successfully completed portions) following the next general election.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 7===
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.7}}
| |
| Children born after 1 January 1989/X, one (or both) of whose biological or adoptive parents is a Talossan citizen at the time of the birth, are native-born Talossan citizens ("Dandelions") and shall automatically have full voting rights when they register themselves with the Minister of Immigration on or after their 14th birthday. Notification shall consist of writing a "What Talossa Means to Me" Essay.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 8===
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.8}}
| |
| Talossan citizens may live within the country or abroad. This distinction does not affect their legal standing or their civil or political rights.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 9===
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.9}}
| |
| Talossans may voluntarily renounce their own citizenship. This may be done by publicly issuing a written Declaration of Renunciation. It shall take immediate effect upon its acknowledgement by the Secretary of State through issuance of a Writ of Termination of Citizenship, which shall be published under the seal of the Chancery.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 10===
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.10}}
| |
| Any citizen who neither votes in any general election nor responds to any national census established by law for a period of two years, as calculated at any Election Deadline, shall be deemed to have renounced his citizenship.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 11===
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.11}}
| |
| A Citizen who has voluntarily renounced his citizenship (in any fashion) may go through the normal citizenship procedure to have his citizenship restored. This procedure may also be skipped and full citizenship restored by an act of the Ziu, if it deems that the applicant merits extraordinary consideration. The Ziu may also, by statute, establish expedited procedures to reinstate former citizens deemed to have renounced their citizenship under Section 10.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 12===
| |
| {{anchor|Link18.12}}
| |
| All appropriate information of all Talossan prospectives who have been brought before the Uppermost Cort, all former citizens, as well as all former citizens who are applying for restoration of their Talossan citizenship shall be public knowledge. This shall be a duty of the Minister of Immigration.
| |
|
| |
| ==Article XIX: Covenant of Rights and Freedoms==
| |
|
| |
| ===Preamble===
| |
| The Covenant of Rights and Freedoms guarantees the rights and freedoms set out in them to all Talossan citizens, subject only to such reasonable limits prescribed by law as can be demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society. These Covenants shall be interpreted in a manner consistent with Talossan custom and tradition, and with the aim in mind of preserving and enhancing the ethnic heritage of the Talossan nation and the peace, order, and good government for the Kingdom of Talossa.
| |
|
| |
| ===First Covenant===
| |
| No law shall exist abridging the freedom of thought, belief, opinion and expression, including freedom of the press and other media of communication except in case of public order or morals. Censorship shall never exist in Talossa; every person may freely speak, write and publish his sentiments on all subjects, being responsible for the libelous abuse of that right.
| |
|
| |
| ===Second Covenant===
| |
| No discrimination, affirmative action schemes, or preferential treatment shall exist within the Kingdom of Talossa on the grounds of race, colour, class, nobility, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, religion, beliefs, language, or any other physical or societal parameters of any kind whatsoever, except as provided for elsewhere in this Organic Law. No religious or ideological organisation shall be "established" by law. Separate consideration on the basis of sex may only exist in cases of propriety.
| |
|
| |
| ===Third Covenant===
| |
| Talossans have the right to peaceful assembly whether in private facilities or in the open air, provided that such assembly neither disrupts traffic or legal commercial activity, or unduly inconveniences people. Talossans have the right to freely organize political parties and other organizations, subject to their own laws of membership, and this right may not be abridged except with regards to organizations which advocate the use of violence or intimidation to attain political or other ends, or which seek to restrain any person or group of people from the exercise of their rights as granted under these Covenants.
| |
|
| |
| ===Fourth Covenant===
| |
| Under the principle that "A Man's Room is His Kingdom," the right of the people to privacy and security in their persons, homes, papers, correspondence, and property, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended. No person may be arrested or detained without a warrant issued by a judge, except in cases of flagrante delicto. No warrants shall be issued except on probable cause, and must particularly describe the place to be searched and the person or things to be seized. The right to privacy for public figures must be balanced by the public's right to know, in matters affecting politics, elections, campaigns, and governing. The intentional withholding of political information which reasonable voters might find helpful, profitable, or informative, violates the public's right to know.
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|
| |
| ===Fifth Covenant===
| |
| No person shall be deprived life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor denied equal protection of law. Any person charged with an offense must be informed of their legal rights upon seizure by the government, and must be presumed innocent until proven guilty by a court of law. No person shall be subject to answer to the same criminal offense after the criminal charge has been properly adjudicated in a court of law, nor shall any person be compelled in any criminal case to bear witness against himself, nor shall any person be subjected to excessive fines, nor shall any person be subjected cruel and unusual punishment. The Ziu shall have the power to enforce this Covenant by appropriate legislation. ([[50RZ26]])
| |
|
| |
| ===Sixth Covenant===
| |
| Liberty consists of any action which is not detrimental to others, and no right herein enumerated, or elsewhere recognised by the Cosâ, shall extend to anyone engaged in activities which injure, endanger, risk or compromise the physical health, privacy, or tranquility of other persons through the pretended exercise of said right.
| |
|
| |
| ===Seventh Covenant===
| |
| No person shall be found guilty on account of any act or omission, unless, at the time of the act or omission, it constituted an offence under Talossan or international law, or was criminal according to the general principles of law recognized by the community of civilized nations, as interpreted by Talossan courts in line with Talossan traditions and needs.
| |
|
| |
| ===Eighth Covenant===
| |
| Talossa shall never tax nor purport to tax, unduly burden, outlaw or abridge for its citizens any right to acts of: peaceful assembly; religious worship or affiliation; political speech or expression or affiliation; religious or historical or scientific or philosophical belief; abortion (being the freely conscious ability for a woman to make a determination on the continuation of her pregnancy); consensual sexual activity (between two consenting people of an age of responsibility); contraception; marriage (between consenting adults regardless of their sex, unless they are consanguineous up to the fourth degree of relationship), civil unions (and equivalents); divorce; adoption; advance health care directives; attempted suicide; euthanasia; the reading of any book; and the writing or use of any language. Neither shall any person be made to answer in any Talossan court for the alleged, admitted, or actual violation of any foreign law restricting or denying any right to or forbidding any act enumerated above.
| |
|
| |
| ===Ninth Covenant===
| |
| In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury or tribunal of the Crown. The accused shall have the right to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation, to confront the witnesses against him, and to have subpoena power to obtain witnesses in his favour. The accused has the right to have the assistance of counsel for his defence.
| |
|
| |
| ===Tenth Covenant===
| |
| Anyone whose rights and freedoms, as guaranteed by these Covenants, have been infringed or denied may appeal to a court of competent jurisdiction to obtain such redress of grievances as the court considers appropriate and just in the circumstances, but the award granted to the plaintiff for punitive damages shall not exceed that granted for compensatory damages.
| |
|
| |
| ===Eleventh Covenant===
| |
| Where, in the course of a trial, a court concludes that evidence was obtained in a manner that infringed or denied any rights or freedoms guaranteed by these Covenants, the evidence shall be excluded if it is established that, having regard to all the circumstances, the admission of it in the proceedings would bring the administration of justice into disrepute.
| |
|
| |
| ===Twelfth Covenant===
| |
| Talossan citizenship can only be lost by a citizen's voluntary renunciation of citizenship, or as punishment for a crime determined by the Uppermost Cort, or as a result of relevant electoral or census law.
| |
|
| |
| ===Thirteenth Covenant===
| |
| The enumeration of rights and freedoms in these Covenants shall not be construed to deny or disparage other rights retained by the people. Powers not delegated by law to the Crown, to the Government, to the courts, to the Provinces or Territories, or to legal state organs established thereunder, are held by the Talossan people.
| |
|
| |
| ==Article XX: Referenda==
| |
| {{anchor|Link20.0}}
| |
| ===Section 1===
| |
| {{anchor|Link20.1}}
| |
| Legislation may be enacted by the people through the Referendum. The Ziu may prepare referenda and submit these to popular vote, as it sees fit. The referendum may be advisory (a non-binding public opinion check) or may have the force of law upon its approval by a majority of those who vote on it. Referenda questions appear on the ballot during the next general election, or sooner, if the Seneschal so chooses to authorise.
| |
|
| |
| ==Article XXI: Status of the Organic Law==
| |
| {{anchor|Link21.0}}
| |
| ===Section 1===
| |
| {{anchor|Link21.1}}
| |
| The Organic Law is the supreme law of the land. Any national, provincial or territorial laws which violate its provisions are null and void.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 2===
| |
| {{anchor|Link21.2}}
| |
| The Organic Law will be ratified by a two-thirds "yes" vote in a public referendum. Approval by less than two-thirds will result in the non-ratification of the document, and Talossa will continue under the 1988 Constituziun until such time as the people, by referendum, approve the Organic Law by a two-thirds vote.
| |
|
| |
| ===Section 3===
| |
| {{anchor|Link21.3}}
| |
| Upon ratification of this Organic Law, the Constituziun and all laws contrary to the provisions of this Organic Law, or superseded thereby, are instantly repealed. Other laws which are not in conflict with this Organic Law shall remain in force.
| |
|
| |
| =Verziun Talossan=
| |
| {{AmmTextVers
| |
| |start=50th {{cos}}
| |
| |end=51st {{cos}}
| |
| }}
| |
| <center>[[Image:LesserStateSeal.png|100px]]
| |
| '''La Scriuerïa d'Abbavilla'''<br />
| |
| <br />
| |
| Els vürs es las frulor da Talossa, <br />
| |
| clarmint vidinds la fost à costituarh üna federaziun unzißolvaval, pü grült es pü parfäts, <br />
| |
| es tent esteschti consulteschti in congreßeu es referendüm, pußident <br />
| |
| Sieu Maxhestà el Regeu à proclamarh acest Legeu Orgänic noveu<br />
| |
| per el Regipäts Talossan: </center><br /></center>
| |
| <br />
| |
| '''El Práimhoct'''<br />
| |
| NOI, RÓIBEARD PIRMALAISET, par els merþédes da Dïeu, Regeu da Talossa, etc., etc., etc., cunschösen dal rosla cunferada pa Talossa par þistoria, àl fim atentïu à ár sámband ininterpretaval es inexpleval qualsevej à Taloçaits, movats par el progreçéu exploçatïu qe ár naziun moderna tignova façat zespäts apnind sieu poartas àl mundeu; avetz pätriótismeu renoviçat es la volontà resolû à formarh ün estat basat pa xhusticia, legeu, es livertà, par el päx, reglamaintsch, es governamaintsch ben da toct Erteiers; es eiginds üna desta da gratitüd à Mataiwos Harþ, Ián Carlüs Valadéir, Adiêns P. Glaçâ, Ián Vál Aviziun, Ian von Metairia, Danihel Laurieir, Gödafrïeu D. Toûmayân, Marcüs-Andrïeu Davïu, Natán Liverabuérg, es Chêneþ Tric'hard "Chên" Velméir, qi sigürevent la paratüra d'acest documenteu; cunsacrent es establischent, par es trans el consint dels Popuis Talossaes, come el legeu süprem d'ár Reic'h, acest<br />
| |
| <br />
| |
| <center><big><big>Legeu Orgänic dallas 1997/xviii del Regipäts Talossan</big></big></center><br />
| |
| <br />
| |
| as last amended at the end of the [http://www.talossa.ca/files/election_result.php?cosa=50 election for the 50th Cosâ] on 21 November 2017 with this rendition last updated Sat 11 August 2018 0723 Central by GV, Scribe of Abbavilla<br />
| |
| <br />
| |
| ==Artical I: La Zesclaraziun d'Independençù==
| |
| ===1.1===
| |
| Eu, Róibeard Pirmalaiset, Sieu Me Rexhital, proclaméu el Regipäts Talossan à estarh ün ünit independent in el plan mestreu da Secedaziun Singular dal Mundeu. In sa façind, eu secedéu dels Estats Viensiçeschti d'America. (Zifamat li 26. Zecemvar dallas 1979/i)
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical II: Els Pünts d'Estat==
| |
|
| |
| ===2.1===
| |
| La realità del Regipäts Talossan isch eschemplificada pü positïumint par sieu haì þistoric, da qi toct istituziuns Talossaes sint viac'hteirs es aumiénteirs. El Regipäts Talossan isch üna comunità da popuis petrechinds par façind cosas qualsevol sint raziunavalmint similaes à qe altreux pätsilor ("vrätsilor") façent, siat per raziuns da egnorada touristà, üt d'iensa acoitiça per pevarh, in secuça da parodïa eda -- üc -- come el fraicarh dals naziuns.
| |
|
| |
| ===2.2===
| |
| La nómina del Estat, in el glheþ naziunal, isch '''El Regipäts Talossan'''. In el glheþ Angleasca, la nómina del Estat isch '''The Kingdom of Talossa'''.
| |
|
| |
| ===2.3===
| |
| La teritoria citànal da Talossa qomsista toct landeu sür la Península Talossan sudur d'iensa ligna espoçada del est àl ovest trans pünts equidistanteu dals orlas nordur es sudur del Avenû Selva da Grentza, i.e. la grentza formar teschent la Cità da Milvoc'ht es el Vilatx da Selva Litoral. L'apa teritorial extenda zemi del vej üt ainciün el Manáweg, sudur es ovest dal teritoria naziunal. L'apa teritorial extenda ainciün el Mar Talossan (Checeacan), üna distonça da tres kilometreux estvärts. La teritoria citànal ocsà includa l'ínsula da Cézembre, xhud dal costa da França. La teritoria del Regipäts extenda ainciün el vestuc'h super la teritoria del landeu es dal apa. Aceasta teritoria isch sacreu es unviolaval. Ça non serà cedada, reduçada eda smesada. Aceasta teritoria isch revindicada, ocupada, es aðministrada par drept da þistoria es nunca serà avandunada.
| |
|
| |
| ===2.4===
| |
| Ingen landeux eda ínsulas qe sint formada eda qe apiaradrent in Talossa s'apa territorial, in total eda in pärts, formarha ün pärts irevocaval dal teritoria naziunal.
| |
|
| |
| ===2.5===
| |
| El capital del Regipäts isch Abbavilla.
| |
|
| |
| ===2.6===
| |
| El glheþ soleu þistoric es naziunal del popul Talossan entieir isch el glheþ Talossan. La Cosa es el Governamaintsch povent façarh proviziun à conductarh lor afaes in tal glheþ come os zesterminadrent. El Glheþ Naziunal serà prostexhat, zefençat es developat par La Comità per l'Útzil del Glheþ, qualsevol isch ün cußeglh priväts, enclin da sieu regleux propreux, eftir el legeu.
| |
|
| |
| ===2.7===
| |
| El Drapéu Naziunal da Talossan isch el Bicoloreu þoriçóntal virt es roxh, come adoptat li 2. Marta dallas 1981/ii. El virt representa el Monarc'hà es sieu gövindourità; el roxh representa els popuis es sieu tenatzità. El Bicoloreu fost estarh zesplegat àl enverçù dürant las zuerïas zesclaradas.
| |
|
| |
| ===2.8===
| |
| Els armeux da Talossa existarhent in doua formas: els Armeux Minor d'Estat es els Armeux Grült d'Estat. Els Armeux Minor d'Estat sint zepictats sa: "Erxhent el caractréu Cinesch ‘Ben' qi vala ‘enerxhetic' civlaina. Girda la tarc'ha ün anularxhet azür fimbriat or qi ceafa els mocts ‘Regipäts Talossan Kingdom * 26.12.1979 *' or. Per la crüsta ün corona regital propra." Els Armeux Grült d'Estat qomista els Armeux Minor d'Estat cün els sostireirs es baseu sovinds: "Doua Hamiltas Talossaes propras stint pa ün ec'harpa fimbriada àl caps virt es àl baseu roxh qi ceafa la lema ‘Miehen Huone on Hänen Valtakuntansa'". Aint forma dels Armeux da Talossa sà'starh uçat per els pürpösen ucifiais es pätriotici.
| |
|
| |
| ===2.9===
| |
| L'Anþem Naziunal da Talossa isch "''Chirluscha àl Glheþ''." Sieu traduziun Angleasca, "Stand Tall, Talossans," tischa ün statüs equal lexhital. Els lürici es el músiqeu serent zesterminats par el legeu. Las canziuns pätriotici "''Tusk''" par Fleetwood Mac es "''Ein Feierlichgesang''"/"''Dallas Pätsilor''" par Ian von Metairia tischent el statüs orgänic come canziuns pätriotici. El Governamaintsch actarha à promotarh, celebratarh, es preservarh Talossa sè þeritatx musical vandeir.
| |
|
| |
| ===2.10===
| |
| La Lema Naziunal da Talossa isch "Miehen Huone on Hänen Valtakuntansa," glheþinada "Ün Vür sè Cámera isch sieu Regipäts."
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical III: El Regeu==
| |
|
| |
| ===3.1===
| |
| El Regipäts Talossan isch üna Monarc'hà þereditar constituziunal avetz ün Regeu (eda, schi femeglha, üna Rexheiça) come sieu cäps d'Estat. El Sovind àl Þroneu serà designat Prinç (eda, schi femeglha, Princeßa) da Prospecteu.
| |
|
| |
| ===3.2===
| |
| El Regeu isch el cäps sümvolic dal naziun. La naziun democräticmint granta el Regeu es sieu succeßoreux certaes Pevarhen Rexhitais: El drept à zesclararh feschtas naziunais, grantarh tucleux da novilità, façarh el discuors aresc del Þroneu li 26. Zecemvar (eda à altreux temps quand evints aintparstent), à veto'içarh proxhets (eda Prüms Diktats), à emestarh Escriguts da Zißolvaziun es Auþorisaziuns da Zifißiun par la Cosa, à grantarh suplicas es cüflartarh sätsilor, à cunferarh awardeux es decoramaintschen, à apüntarh el Seneschal osprei eleziuns, es à apüntarh Gvoernadeirs da Teritorias pa l'aðviçéu del Seneschal.
| |
|
| |
| ===3.3===
| |
| La titla þistoric es uficial del Regeu da Talossa c'è: "__________ (nómina), par els Merþédes da Dïeu, Regeu da Talossa es da toct sieu Reic'hs es Raxhiuns, Regeu da Cézembre, Domnul es Protectadeir Soveran da Pengöpäts es els Nouas Ínsulas Falkland, Zefençadeir del Feitz, Duceu dallas Forziuns Armeschti, Viceregeu da Hoxha es Vicar d'Atatürk, Fundeir dal Naziun Grült da Talossa." La titla, avetz la zignità Rexhital, alcançarha àl Regeu sè succeßoreux. Com'evri, parç qe la naziun eiga sieu existençù à Sieu Maxhestà, Róibeard Pirmalaiset, Regeu da Talossa, la fraça "Fundeir dal Naziun Grült da Talossa" non alcançarha mas aðpertinarha solamint à Sieu Maxhestà Róibeard Pirmalaiset.
| |
|
| |
| ===3.4===
| |
| El Þroneu serà secedat àls descendeirs da Sieu Maxhestà, Ian Pirmalaiset, Regeu da Talossa. La Famiglha Rexhital isch nominada El Ca Lupul. Schi el Regeu ingentemp renunçadra eda pierdadra sieu citaxhienità, aceasta renunçaziun eda perdaziun serà txuxhada à impliçitarh sieu resignaziun del Þroneu. Pa el moart, la resignaziun, eda ablaziun del Þroneu d'ingen Regeu, la Corona alcançarha à sieu proxim sovind; mas schi el Regeu non tenadra ün sovind, la Corona alcançarha àl proxim sovind del Regeu previös, eda (schi o ocsà non tenadra ün sovind) àl sovind del Regeu osprei lo, es arüc à Regeu Ian. <br />
| |
| <br />
| |
| Per zesterminarh el Regeu sè sovind, ingen perziun serà parsequitat par sieu cratoiras natürais lexhitimätsilor (siat nascat eda unnascat àl temp del Regeu sè moart) in uorden da lor nataschas (cadascu parsequitat par sieu propreux descendeirs).
| |
|
| |
| ===3.5===
| |
| Schi la Corona alcançadra à ingen perziun qi non volt à'cest temp à zevienarh el Regeu, qi non put legalmint estarh el Regeu, qi isch interdictat dal limita da seguit, qi on c'è ün citaxhién da Talossa, eda qi tignova previösmint estat el Regeu es tignova resignat el Þroneu, alcançarha anstada àl proxim perziun in la limita da seguit.
| |
|
| |
| ===3.6===
| |
| El Ziu put, par üna resoluziun da doua tierçéux da cadascu Cámera, non enclin d'iens impidamaintsch, interdictarh ingen perziun da sieu pläts in la limita da seguit, es put, par üna resoluziun d'iensa maxhorità d'aint Cámera, non enclin d'iens impidamaintsch, removarh tal interdictaziun es restorniarh el perziun interdictat à sieu pläts.
| |
|
| |
| ===3.7===
| |
| In circonstanças peremptorxhas, quand el Regeu isch xhuxhat par üna auþorità medical competint à estarh uncapaval d'executind sieu deveirs, eda schi o isch convictat par el Cort Pü Inalt da Talossa dal unfrið del Legeu Orgänic, da tradaziun, da braibaziun eda d'altras crimas chilsas, la naziun put removarh el Regeu del Þroneu. La Cosa pronunçarha par üna vota da doua tierçéux, avetz l'aproval del Senäts, qe el Regeu serà deposit, es acest pronunçind serà strax utvarpat àl popuis per lor verdict in ün referendüm. Schi üna maxhorità da doua tierçéux dels popuis aßentadrent, el Regeu isch considerat deposat es el seguit paßa eftir Secziun 4, dasupra.
| |
|
| |
| ===3.8===
| |
| Da temp à temp, ün Rexhaint (eda ün Cußeglh da Rexhençù, qualsevol isch considerat equival à'iens Rexhaint) put estarh apüntat, qi aðmistrarha el governamaintsch in la nómina del Regeu, es exerciçarha toct pevarhen Orgänicmint es legalmint vestats in el Regeu, salva el pevarh à apüntarh es remplaçarh ün Rexhaint. Ün Regeu qi non tent attainat la vellità da vuidesch anneux, qualsevol vellità isch zesclarat à estarh la maxhorità lexhital del soveran, put viadarh sieu pevarhen rexhitais solamint par ün Rexhaint. Aucün perziun non ün Erteier serà competint à perservarh come Rexhaint eda ün membreu d'iens Cußeglh da Rexhençù.
| |
|
| |
| ===3.9===
| |
| El Regeu put, àl veglhità, apüntarh, remplaçarh, es removarh, es put, par sieu Testamaintsch final, apüntarh ün Rexhaint à perservarh durant la minorità da sieu succeßoreu. Durant la minorità del Regeu, el Ziu put, par el legeu, apüntarh ün Rexhaint. El Ziu put, par el legeu, removarh eda remplaçarh ingen Rexhaint apüntat par el Regeu à veglhità, el Regeu non put riapüntarh el mismeu perziun come Rexhaint sanc anteriour consint del Ziu.
| |
|
| |
| ===3.10===
| |
| Dürant la minorità del Regeu, schi la Rexhençù estadra vacant per ingen raziun, el Cort Pü Inalt serà ün Cußeglh da Rexhençù.
| |
|
| |
| ===3.11===
| |
| Schi pa el moart eda la resignaziun del Regeu non estadra üna perziun indreptat à secedarh àl Þroneu, el Cort Pü Inalt sera ün Cußeglh da Rexhençù txusca l'eleziun d'iens Regeu noveu, es el Ziu put, par üna vota da doua tierçéux in cadascu cámera, electarh ün Regeu, qi secedarha àl Þroneu strax pa la ratificaziun da sieu eleziun par üna maxhorità dels popuis in ün referendüm à estarh holdat per acest pürpös soleu.
| |
|
| |
| ===3.12===
| |
| Starp els praxeis prüms da sieu röin, el Regeu selectarha ün Sabor qomsistind da severaisen Guaïrs, cün qi o consultarha quandsevol pouçival over toct facendas d'entità grav àl Regipäts, es qissen deveir sera à profrarh àl Regeu el benefiteu da lor saxheça es aðviçéu individuais es colectïus. El Regeu serà sigür à includarh in acest Sabor els Erteiers cün els sámbands pü lungs es profundeux àl vida þistoric adunchind del Regipäts, in particular acestilor qi sint perziunalmint famiglhaes cün l'inpäts steçéu. Schi, à ingen temp os en txuxhadrent à estarh saxheu eda neceßar d'actarh sa, Guaïrs, actinds soleu eda in concerteu avetz els altreux Guaïrs emestadra püblicmint) ün "Breif àl Regeu" over ingen facenda d'entità grav àl Regipäts. Els Guaïrs perservarha àl plaschair del Regeu. Guaïrs serent indreptats à afixarh els initziais þonorifici "GST" à lor signatürs, per "Guaïr del Sabor Talossan."
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical IV: L'Eleziun àl Senäts==
| |
|
| |
| ===4.1===
| |
| El Senäts isch el cußeglh lexhislatïu naziunal es la cámera ota del Ziu, es serà conposuat d'iens Senator electat da cadascu provinçù.
| |
|
| |
| ===4.2===
| |
| Las eleziuns per el piervidind d'eschcaes in el Senäts serent holdadas simultanmint avetz las eleziuns xhenerais àl Cosa.
| |
|
| |
| ===4.3===
| |
| Cadascu temp qe la Cosa serent zißolvada, serà üna eleziun per viens-tierçéu dels eschcaes totais del Senäts (rondeschti àl númerul itzegral el pü próxim). L'uorden ervürat es exact del rotlamaintsch dals Provinçuns per las eleziuns serà seþata par el legeu es resquirarha üna vota da doua-tierçéux in la Cosa avetz l'approval del Regeu es del Senäts svo àð estarh modificadas.
| |
|
| |
| ===4.4===
| |
| Salva come altramint espunat in el Legeu Orgänic, ingen Erteier qi put votarh put estarh electat eda apüntat àl Senäts per ingen province. Aucün Senator, ivenðo electat eda apüntat àl Senäts, put actualmint votarh sieu eschcan txusca o tent estescu ün Erteier pr'iens anneu, eda perservat sex mesen come Secretar d'Estat eda Seneschal, eda reçeitat ün urderi da cnec'htat del Regeu. Aucün perziun put simultanmint tirh pü qe viens eschcan in el Senäts.
| |
|
| |
| ===4.5===
| |
| Ün parti political put endorçarh ün candidäts per ingen eschcan vacant del Senäts. In l'evint qe ün voteir specificadra acest parti come sieu çoiçéu per acest eschcan Senätescu es l'eleziun estadra holdada par la Cantzelería, sieu vota serà comptada per el candidäts endorçescu.
| |
|
| |
| ===4.6===
| |
| Ingen eleziun Senätsesc qi'st holdada par la Cantzelería serà holdada eftir las proviziuns dal Secziun 6 del Artical VII, conçernind las eleziuns àl Cosa, es el candidäts qe reçaifa ün flost dals votas serà zesclarescu àð estarh el gagneir. In la cauça d'iens tiaziun teschent doua candidätsilor eda pü, l'uficieir executïu dal provinçù selectarha viens d'acestilor candidätsilor à estarh el Senator.
| |
|
| |
| ===4.7===
| |
| Salva qe üna provinçù explicadamint requestadra qe la Cantzelería holdadra l'eleziun àl eschcan Senätsesc per aceasta provinçù, la provinçù serà respunsaval à façarh sa, es certifiarha àl Cantzelería qe la resultà represanta la volontà dels popuis.
| |
|
| |
| ===4.8===
| |
| Schi ün voteir restornia pü qe viensa vota, la prüma isch comptada es las altras sint ignoradas.
| |
|
| |
| ===4.9===
| |
| Quand la Ligna-Moart d'Eleziun tent paßat, ün cuint final dals votas isch püblicmint anonçat. Ingen votas qe arivent osprei dal Ligna-Moart, ainda qe estevent postadas avant dal Ligna-Moart, sint defündiadas.
| |
|
| |
| ===4.10===
| |
| Schi ün Senator voidadra sieu eschcan avant del fim dal stancea, l'executïu dal provinçù apüntarha ün Senator à perservarh txusca la proxima Eleziun Xheneral eda la proxima eleziun provincial in aceasta provinçù, qetevri isch pü bentopt, à'cest temp les popuis dal provinçù electarhent ün Senator per perservarh la rumanta dal stancea. Schi l'executïu provincial failadra à apüntarh ün Senator da din üna quinteschina dal vacançù, el Regeu eda sieu Cunstaval apüntarha el Senator.
| |
|
| |
| ===4.11===
| |
| Senators povent estarh removats d'óifisch par el Cort Pü Inalt, per actività criminal eda par mis-, mal-, eda non-façamaintsch.
| |
|
| |
| ===4.12===
| |
| El Senäts put impüstarh ingen da sieu membreux dal Cámera cün üna vota da doua-tierçéux. Osprei l'impüstamaintsch, üna vota tent àð estarh holdada da din üna quinteschina per la duraziun d'iensa quinteschaina avetz l'ißû da difunxha par üna maxhorità simpil dels voteirs partiçipinds. Schi la Provinçù vota in el dezicatíu per la difunxha, el Senator pierdarha sieu eschcan strax àl fermaziun del sondatx es l'aperçüt per ün noveu Senator in Artical IV, Secziun 10 del Legeu Orgänic serà invocat. Schi la Provinçù vota contra la difunxha, las cuntzinas d'impüstamaintsch tombarhent. Osprei üna difunxha failada, el Senator fixhidat non put estarh triescu 'n altreu fäts per l'ufeinça misma, eftir Artical XIX, Secziun 7. El Senator formar non isch cleþescu da cuntestarh ün óifisch in eleziuns del fütür quand qe el Senator formar mamtenença sieu citaxhienità.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical V: La Cunpoçaziun del Senäts==
| |
|
| |
| ===5.1===
| |
| Hi serà viens Senator da cadascu Provinçù.
| |
|
| |
| ===5.2===
| |
| Aucün Senator serà txaimais resquirat à voidarh sieu eschcan dürant sieu stancea da funziun, dü à'iens chinxh in las qualificaziuns da Senators.
| |
|
| |
| ===5.3===
| |
| El Regeu non serà, sub ingen circonstanças, electaval à estarh electat eda apüntat à'iens eschcan in el Senäts, es non serà txamais permitat à entrarh el Senäts, salva qe o isch citat à testificarh in üna cumiziun Senatorial.
| |
|
| |
| ===5.4===
| |
| ''(renonçescu par amendamaintsch)''
| |
|
| |
| ===5.5===
| |
| Ün Senator voida sieu eschcan schi faila à votarh in doua Clarks cunsecutïus, eda schi resigna d'óifisch, pierda sieu citaxhienità eda moara.
| |
|
| |
| ===5.6===
| |
| El Senäts tischa pevarhen equais cün la Cosa in respectù da toct legeux propoçats, salva qe:
| |
| *el proxhets þaurinds revenüns eda erxhents non urixhinarhent in el Senäts:
| |
| *el Governamaintsch resquirarha confiençù dal Cosa solamint, à remáinarh in óifisch.
| |
| In l'evint qe el Senäts doua fäts rexhectadra ün proxhet þaurind revenüns eda erxhents, el Regeu put raßemblarh ün siegind xhointeu d'embù cámeras del Ziu qi votarha över el proxhet come viens corputz. In votind in el siegind xhointeu cadascu membreu dal Ziu votarha solamint viens fäts. El proxhet serà validat in el siegind xhointeu schi reçeitadra el support d'iensa maxhorità dels membreux del Ziu. Schi las votas sint equais, el proxhets non serà validat. Schi el proxhet þaurind revenüns eda erxhents non isch validat in el siegind xhointeu, la Cosa serà zißolvat par el Regeu es ischà a'iensa eleziun xheneral. Proxhets per l'inziziun eda þauraziun da fineux eda altras peinaltaes d'erxhent, eda per el demandeu eda gnotzeu eda þauraziun da fias per licençuns eda serviçuns, non fossent estarh interpretats à þaurarh revenüns eda erxhents.
| |
|
| |
| ===5.7===
| |
| El Senäts put oscà creatarh cumiziuns Senatoriais eftir sfätsilor qe serent zesfinats par el legeu.
| |
|
| |
| ===5.8===
| |
| El Senäts, osprei cadascu eleziun xheneral d'iens Senator, çoiçarhent viens da sieu membreux à estarh el Presedint del Senäts, qi serà nominat el Mençéi; es cudiens qe l'óifisch del Mençéi zevient vacant el Senäts çoiçarha ün altreu Senator à estarh el Mençéi. El Mençéi ceßarha à perservarh in acest óifisch schi ceßadra à estarh ün Senator. El Mençéi, eda in el gleþ Angleasca the Lord President, put estarh removat d'óifisch par üna vota del Senäts, eda put resignarh sieu óifisch eda eschcan par profrind sieu resignaziun àl Regeu, eda par zesclaraziun püblíc. The Mençéi shall cease to hold office if he ceases to be a senator. The Mençéi may be removed from office by a vote of the Senäts, or he may resign his office or seat by writing addressed to the King, or by public declaration.
| |
|
| |
| ===5.9===
| |
| Avant eda dürant ingen ausinçù del Mençéi, el Senäts put çoiçarh ün Senator à rompliarh els deveirs del Mençéi dürant aceasta ausinçù.
| |
|
| |
| ===5.10===
| |
| Terpelaziuns qe ariçent in el Senäts serent zesterminadas par üna maxhorità da votas, es cadascu Senator tischa viensa vota. El Mençéi in toct cauças serà indreptat à votarh; es quand las votas sint equais la terpelaziun non serà validada.
| |
|
| |
| ===5.11===
| |
| Secziun 10 aßuma la prümità sür proxhets qe resquirent doua teirçéux del Senäts à votarh, come amendamaintschen àl Legeu Orgänic, cün l'exeiziun da:
| |
| *proxhets qe cambient secziuns d'articals över el Senäts
| |
| *proxhets qe cambient secziuns del artical "Amendamaintschen àl Legeu Orgänic"
| |
| *proxhets qe cambient secziuns del artical "Subziviçaziuns Teritoriais"
| |
| *proxhets qe forment provinçuns nouas eda qe cambient el numeral da provinçuns ingenvej, qualsevol imrè resquirent doua tierçéux del Senäts.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical VI: Els Partis Politicais==
| |
|
| |
| ===6.1===
| |
| El Pártis Politicais povent operatarh eftir regleux da lor propras zesegnas. Cadascu parti fost ocsà tirh àls principais apropriätsilor enactats in acest Legeu Orgänic.
| |
|
| |
| ===6.2===
| |
| Solamint pártis politicais "enrexhistrats" povent becomarh eschcaes in la Cosa. Pártis qualsevol gagnent votas mas non sint enrexhistrats non povent preindarh lor eschcaes in la Cosa txusca enrexhistrent. Ün parti put enrexhistrarh ingentemp cün el Secretar d'Estat come parsequita: Prüm, el parti fost tirh à mhíus viens membreu designat sieu "Duceu." Secund, el Duceu fost asigürarh el Secretar d'Estat cün ün stätsmint da 50 mocts (eda mhíus) över las tocas es tascaragnas xhenerais del parti. Tierçéu, el Secretar d'Estat put requestarh da toct pártis üna fia, à estarh setada, à coverarh la costa dal eleziun. Aceasta fia serà standardiçat per toct pártis.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical VII: L'Eleziun àl Cosa ==
| |
|
| |
| ===7.1===
| |
| La Cosa isch l'aßemblatx lexhislatïu naziunal es isch electat par vota popular es üniversal par toct Erteiers adults (perziuns qi tiennent 14 anneux eda phü).
| |
|
| |
| ===7.2===
| |
| La Cosa serà el soleu organ electat par el total dal naziun. Serà electat par scrütì üniversal osprei cadascu zißolvaziun.
| |
|
| |
| ===7.3===
| |
| Toct i eleziuns àl Cosa serent holdadas dürant ün pieriot qe comença sür la ziua quinteschlaiset del mes calendrieresc qe parsequita la zißolvaziun dal Cosa anterior, txusca 7:30 d'osprei sür la ziua prüma del mes acterneu. La ziua prüma d'acest pieriot (la quinteschlaiset) isch nominada la "Ziua da Scrütì" es la ziua final isch nominada la "Ligna-Moart d'Eleziun."
| |
|
| |
| ===7.4===
| |
| Dürant el pieriot d'eleziun zesfinat in Secziun 3, el Secretar d'Estat, in cadascu particular, holdarha l'eleziun eftir els legeux d'eleziun à tal vïa qe a) zona à cadascu Erteier l'uportunità da zonarh üna vota per el parti da sieu çoiçéu, es b) non ziscriminata contra ingen parti eda individual in la coleziun eda el comptind dals votas. In l'ausinçù d'iens legeu corentic d'eleziun, el Secretar d'Estat holdarha l'eleziun eftir els regleux sub qualsevol l'eleziun xheneral pü recent esteva holdada.
| |
|
| |
| ===7.5===
| |
| El Secretar d'Estat fost zivulgarh el procendançeu exact par qualsevol atquescharha Secziun 4, non míus qe tordesch ziuas avant la Ziua da Scrütì.
| |
|
| |
| ===7.6===
| |
| Las votas per la Cosa povent estarh zonadas eda püblicmint eda privätsmint. Las votas qe sint zonadas privätsmint serent zonadas à es solamint avalaval à'iens Comità Electoral, qi qomsista el Secretar d'Estat es els tres Cadins del Cort Pü Inalt. Schi ingen Cadì estadra unavalaval à perservarh sür aceasta Comità, el Regeu apüntarha Edilicieu d'iens cort subordinäts à remplaçarh acest Cadì, mas schi aucün Edilicieu estadra avalaval, la Comità perservarh come costituat altramint. La revelaziun dals cuntenonças àð ingen perziun d'alter par ingen membreu dal Comità serà ün praxel criminal, puniaval come zesterminat per legeu. Els membreux d'aceasta Comità Electoral independentmint cunfirmarhent la compta final es cuntì certifiarhent l'eleziun.
| |
|
| |
| ===7.7===
| |
| Schi ün voteir restornia pü qe viensa vota, la prüma isch comptada es las altras sint ignoradas.
| |
|
| |
| ===7.8===
| |
| Quand la Ligna-Moart d'Eleziun tent paßat, ün cuint final dals votas isch püblicmint anonçat. Ingen votas qe arivent osprei dal Ligna-Moart, ainda qe estevent postadas avant dal Ligna-Moart, sint defündiadas.
| |
|
| |
| ===7.9===
| |
| In la cauça d'eschcaes vacants teschent eleziuns, el Secretar d'Estat avisaivarha el Regeu es el Duceu del parti qe tignova l'eschcan vacant. El Regeu apüntarha ün remplaçind à cadascu vacançù. Schi l'eschcan apoarteva a'iens parti cün ün Duceu funziunind, el Regeu fost apüntarh com'iens remplaçind el perziun designat par el Duceu d'acest parti. Schi non isch ün Duceu funziunind d'acest parti, eda schi la Duceu refuçadra à designarh ün remplaçind, el Regeu apüntarha el remplaçind eftir sieu propreu dischtept miglhor.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical VIII: La Cunpoçaziun dal Cosa==
| |
|
| |
| ===8.1===
| |
| La Cosa isch conposuada da 200 eschcaes, ziviçats starp els pártis politicais basat pa las resultaes dal Eleziun Xheneral.
| |
|
| |
| ===8.2===
| |
| Basat pa el cuint final dals votas, el Secretar d'Estat calcülarha la ziviçaziun dels eschcaes starp els pártis. Cadascu parti reçeitarha ün parchintatx dels eschcaes sa equal qe pouçival à sieu parchintatx dal vota popular.<br />
| |
| <br />
| |
| Cadascu parti reçeitarha ün númerul itzegral d'eschcaes in el cuint final. In l'evint qe ün singul eschcan isch ziviçat starp doua eda pü pártis, el parti cün el númerul pü chilseu serà uçat. Es in cauça d'iens empäts, doua diceux à deþu faças serent uçats à zesterminarh ün singul tischeir per el eschcan ziviçat, cün escasenças proportzen àl parchintatx dal vota reçeitat.<br />
| |
| <br />
| |
| El Secretar d'Estat impiegarha qetevri fórmulas es calcülaziuns maþematici in la ziviçaziun d'eschcaes, qe miglhor reflectarha las intenziuns d'acest Praxel. El Cort Pü Inalt serà el cadì final in cauça da zisputas maþematici.
| |
|
| |
| ===8.3===
| |
| Eschcaes gagnats par cadascu parti serent ziviçats par acest parti starp sieu propreux membreux es sostireirs come ça txuxha fit, avetz la stipulaziun qe cadascu Membreu dal Cosa put holdarh non pü qe treinçe eschcaes.
| |
|
| |
| ===8.4===
| |
| Cadascu perziun holdind viens eda pü eschcan isch ün represantanteu cogneçat com’iens “Membreu dal Cosa” (MC).
| |
|
| |
| ===8.5===
| |
| Cadascu MC represantarha, per pürpösen maravetxeschti, ün "üstran" xheografic particular. El procedançeu exact serà zesterminat par el legeu.
| |
|
| |
| ===8.6===
| |
| Salva qe altramint espunat per legeu, ingenviens qi'st electaval à votarh in Talossa isch electaval à holdarh ingen posiziun del governamaitsch, includind Membreu dal Cosa. Masmint, ni ün Regeu röinind, ni sieu Cunsort, ni ün Rexhaint dürant sieu rexhençù holdarha ingen eschcaes, eda in la Cosa eda in el Senäts, ni ingen Senator holdarha ingen eschcaes in la Cosa. Mas schi ün membreu del Ziu isch apüntat Rexhaint, es non chera à resignarh da sieu eschcaes, ün remplaçind tempurar serà apüntat qi ocuparha el Rexhaint s'eschcaes txusca o isch non pü el Rexhaint eda sieu stancea d'ocupaziun d'acestilor eschcaes expira. La meþoda d'apüntind el holdeir tempurar del Rexhaint s'eshcaes serà specificada in legeu.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical IX: El Secretar d'Estat, la Luploira, es el Clark==
| |
|
| |
| ===9.1===
| |
| El Seneschal apüntarha ün Secretar d'Estat a'iensa stancea undefinì. O put estarh removat es remplaçat par el legeu. El Secretar d'Estat superviçarha es organiçarha els asunts lexhislatïus del Ziu. Façarha-t-o acest par aðmistrind ün tagoror püblíc per el control/ispitschaziun da proposiziuns lexhislatïus avant zeviennent proxhets, "La Luploira" es par cunagarind es püblichind el xhurnal lexhislatïu mesesc, "el Clark." O put zelegarh ün altreu Erteier à actarh come Secretar d'Estat Distain, qi executarha els pevarhen es els deveirs del Secretar s'óifisch, quand qe el Secretar isch unavalaval eda uncapaval d'actarh sa. Acest perziun serà apüntat es firat par el Secretar à veglhità.
| |
|
| |
| ===9.2===
| |
| Ingen Membreu dal Cosa, eda Senator, eda el Regeu, tischa el drept à zonarh proposiziuns es proxhets àl Secretar d'Estat per cunsideraziun del Ziu eftir els procedançeux specificats in acest article.
| |
|
| |
| ===9.3===
| |
| Salva qe espunat in Artical IX: Secziun 7, ün proxhet non c'è electaval à estarh votat över par el Ziu es non put estarh püblicat in el Clark salva qe c'esteva zonat à "La Luploira" com'iens proposiziun lexhislatïu. Es salva qe espunat in Article IX, Secziun 8, solamint proposiziuns lexhislatïus qe sint in "La Luploira" es qe tienent estescu là per à mhíus bisquinc ziuas povent zevienarh electavais per püblichind in "el Clark" come proxhets. Proposiziuns lexhislatïus qe sint non pü in "La Luploira" non povent zevienarh proxhets.
| |
|
| |
| ===9.4===
| |
| El Secretar d'Estat isch sub aucün obrigaziun à creatarh adnalas parmanints da proposiziuns lexhislatïus in "La Luploira." El Secretar d'Estat removarha proposiziuns lexhislatïus da "La Luploira" àl requesta del auþor. Schi üna proposiziun lexhislatïu tent remainada in "La Luploira" per pü qe 59 ziuas, el Secretar d'Estat put removarh-en.
| |
|
| |
| ===9.5===
| |
| Üna proposiziun lexhislatïu isch zonada àl Secretar d'Estat per püblichind in "La Luploira." Üna proposiziun lexhislatïu zonada com'acest fost estarh parsequitada par els mocts "Uréu q'estadra sa" es la nómina del auþor es el titreu in qi el auþor isch profrind la proposiziun. El Ziu put regularh el vej in qi auþors identifichent lor capacità. üna proposiziun lexhislatïu put estarh zonada par cumpatreux mutipais, mas lexhislateir qissen nómina isch listada prüma osprey els mocts "Uréu q'estadra sa" isch considerada el auþor dal proposiziun. El Secretar d'Estat put refúçarh à aceptarh proposiziuns lexhislatïus qe non sint taipadas clarmint eda sür üna maschina à scríuarh eda sür ün blendeir dels mocts.
| |
|
| |
| ===9.6===
| |
| Osprei sieu proposiziun lexhislatïu tent paßada bisquinc ziuas in "La Luploira," el auþor put zonarh-en, cün eda sanc modificaziun eda amendamaintsch, com'iens proxhet àl Secretar d'Estat eftir els procedançeux specificats in Artical IX: Secziuns 8—12. El Secretar d'Estat put, com'evri, refúçarh à aceptarh schi o staxa qe el proxhet isch sa substançalmint underschidlec'h da sieu forma urixhinal com'iensa proposiziun qe ça costitua üna proposiziun substançalmint underschidlec'h. Pa tal ün staxind, el proxhet isch autumätsmint restorniat àl "Luploira."
| |
|
| |
| ===9.7===
| |
| À sieu ziscreßiun, el Senschal tischa el drept à arac'harh ingen proposiziun lexhislatïu dal "Luploira" es instrucatarh el Secretar d'Estat à tarschnarh-en com'iens proxhet zonat propramint. El Seneschal sè Prüms Diktats sint tolonéux da toct proviziuns relatind à proposiziuns lexhislatïus es "La Luploira."
| |
|
| |
| ===9.8===
| |
| Per el prüm Clark à estarh püblicat osprei d'iensa Ligna-Moart d'Eleziun come zesfinada in Artical VII: Secziun 3, solamint proposiziuns lexhislatïu qe sint in "La Luploira" es tienent estada là per à mhíus simca ziuas povent zevienarh elactavais per püblicaziun in "el Clark" come proxhets.
| |
|
| |
| ===9.9===
| |
| Proxhets serà zonats avant la vaintsch-pirmalaiset ziua del mes, àl Secretar d'Estat per cunsideraziun par el Ziu. Proxhets reçeitats osprei la vaintsch-pirmalaiset ziua del mes serà püblicats in el proxim Clark eda postponats per viens Clark, àl Secretar d'Estat sè ziscreßiun.
| |
|
| |
| ===9.10===
| |
| Ün proxhet put estarh par en zonind àl Secretar d'Estat. Ün proxhet zonat com'acest fost estarh parsequitat par els mocts "Uréu q'estadra sa" es la nómina del(s) auþor(s) es sieu/lor parti es provinçù-matra. El Secretar d'Estat put refúçarh à aceptarh proposiziuns lexhislatïus qe non sint taipadas clarmint eda sür üna maschina à scríuarh eda sür ün blendeir dels mocts.
| |
|
| |
| ===9.11===
| |
| Schi ingen proxhet quaira à amendarh, cambiarh, eda renonçarh ingen Artical del Legeu Orgänic eda d'ingen Legeu, el proxhet fost specificarh exactamint el(s) Legeu(x) eda l'Artical (eda els Articais), qualsevol ça quaira à amendarh, cambiarh, eda renonçarh. El Secretar d'Estat put refúçarh à aceptarh proxhets qe non atqueschent aceasta proviziun.
| |
|
| |
| ===9.12===
| |
| Toct proxhets reçeitats par el Secretar d'Estat dürant viens mes del calendriereu serent cunagarats ainciün ün xhurnal lexhislatïu püblicat, à estarh nominat "El Clark." El Clark serà cunagarat anteriour àl prüma ziua del mes parsequitind, es serà püblicat aceasta ziua.
| |
|
| |
| ===9.13===
| |
| Tonaton Secziuns 2 es 5 d'acest Artical, el Ziu put façarh legeux regulinds el númerul da proxhets qe ün Membreu dal Cosa eda ün Senator put zonarh per viens Clark sanc el fost à amendarh el Legeu Orgänic.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical X: El Validaziun dal Lexhislaziun==
| |
|
| |
| ===10.1===
| |
| El Ziu isch el organ soleu qi isch auþorisat à considerarh es enactarh lexhislaziun qi'st fostal partù l'entieir naziun. El Ziu isch conposuat del Regeu, el Senäts, es la Cosa.
| |
|
| |
| ===10.2===
| |
| Els asunts del Ziu sint superviçats par el Secretar d'Estat. Àl schtarteu da cadascu mes el Secretar d'Estat façarha üna copia del Clark pü recent avalaval à toct dels Membreux dal Cosa (MCs) es Senators. Cadascu MC es Senator votarha över cadascu proxhet in cadascu Clark (par post, telefiun, eda zeviçù electronic), es MCs es Senators tischent txusca el fim dels asunts sür la vaintsch-pirmalaiset ziua del mes del calendriereu à zonarh lor votas àl Secretar d'Estat.
| |
|
| |
| ===10.3===
| |
| Ün MC es ün Senator fost votarh "per" (a'iens proxhet qe aprova), "contra" (a'iens proxhet qe nalaprova), eda "austanéu" (pr'iensa austanaziun) över cadascu proxhet. Ün MC eda Senator sè votas fost estarh zonadas txüstavint la ligna-moart per estarh valáiveis.
| |
|
| |
| ===10.4===
| |
| Osprei el fim dels asunts del Ziu, el Secretar anonçarha las resultaes dals votas àl stampa pronto. El proxim Clark püblicarha ün recordeu da qi voteva per cadascu proxhet, es qualsevois proxhets validevent eda failevent, es par qet marxhen.
| |
|
| |
| ===10.5===
| |
| Salva dove altramint espunat in acest Legeu Orgänic ingen proxhet qe reçeita pü votas da "per" qe votas da "contra" in la Cosa es el Senäts isch considerat à tirh estescu adoptat par el Ziu. Ingen altreux proxhets sint considerats à tirh estescu rexhectats. Ingen proxhet adoptat par el Ziu isch apraviat dret àl Regeu per sieu aðcjeschaziun.
| |
|
| |
| ===10.6===
| |
| Cadascu proxhet qe tent estescu validat par el Ziu, avant zevient-ça ün legeu, serà presentat àl Regeu. El Regeu put signarh el Proxhet, es in aceasta cauça zevenarha-ça ün legeu strax; eda o put vetoïçarh el Proxhet, es in aceasta cauça serà restorniat, avetz sieu auxheziuns, àl Ziu, qualsevol procedarha à ricunsiderarh-en in el proxim Clark. Schi el Regeu ni signa ni vetoïça ün Proxhet avant la ziua final del mes in qi esteva validat par el Ziu, qualsevol procedarha à ricunsiderarh-en in el proxim Clark. Schi, osprei ricunsideraziun, doua tierçéux dal Cosa agreadra à validarh el proxhet, avetz l'aproval del Senäts, eda el pärts del proxhet à qualsevol el Regeu auxhecta, zevenarha-ça ün legeu zespitzi l'auxheziun del Regeu.
| |
|
| |
| ===10.7===
| |
| ''(Renonçada par amendamaintsch)''
| |
|
| |
| ===10.8===
| |
| El Ziu isch tradicat da validind dels legeux ''ex post facto'' es dels Proxhets da Tantadità, eda da cuncludind capitulaziuns militaes.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical XI: El Seneschal ==
| |
|
| |
| ===11.1===
| |
| El cäps del Governamaintsch, eda Prüm Ministreu, serà nominescu, es isch in acest Legeu Orgänic satüra come, el Seneschal. Ingen Erteier isch electaval à estarh Seneschal; masmint, el Regeu da Talossa put txamais estarh Seneschal.
| |
|
| |
| ===11.2===
| |
| El Regeu apünta el Seneschal. Schi ün singul parti ocupa üna maxhorità dels eschcaes in la Cosa, el Regeu çoiçarha come Seneschal qetsevol individual serà designat par acest parti. Schi aucün parti tent üna maxhorità, el Regeu apüntarha ün Seneschal osprei consultind els duceux dels pártis cün el bupt da trovarh ün Seneschal qi put estarh victuat in acternas Votas da Confiençù par üna maxhorità dal Cosa. El Regeu téu àð apüntarh ün Seneschal eda anonçarh la continuaziun del pertract in l’óifisch da din viens mes del fim dal eleziuns, eda, schi osprei viens mes aucün candidäts povadra estarh apüntescu avetz el suport d'iensa maxhorità dal Cosa, zißolvarh la Cosa osprei el Clark prüm es clamarh per eleziuns nouas.
| |
|
| |
| ===11.3===
| |
| El Seneschal serà indetxerat par recitind l'Eida dal Óifisch þistoric in el Glheþ Talossan, schi pouçival in la presençù d'iensa copia del glhibreu þistoric, La Tariglha dels Glheþen. Levitarha sieu deschterà es recitarha l'Eida verbalmint in la presençù del Regeu eda ün membreu del Cort Pü Inalt, eda in perziun eda över la telefiun. In pläts da recitind l'Eida entieir o put simplamint affirmarh par el moct "üc" sieu intenziun à tirh à sieu stanceas. L'Eida dal Óifisch þistoric parsequita:<br />
| |
| <br />
| |
| "Eu afirm, solenâmînt, që eu, [nôminâ], cün fidálità, rompliarhéu l'ôifisch da Sieu Maxhestà së Seneschál del Regipäts Talossán, és zefençarhéu, àl miglhôr da v'aválità, la sigürità del Estat Talossán. ¡Så viva el Regeu!"<br />
| |
| <br />
| |
| {"Eu afirm, solenamint, qe éu, [nómina], cün fidalità, rompliarhéu l'óifisch da Sieu Maxhestà sè Seneschal del Regipäts Talossan, es zefençarhéu, àl miglhor da v'avalità, la sigürità del Estat Talossan. ¡Sa viva el Regeu!"}
| |
|
| |
| ===11.4===
| |
| El Seneschal tent dels deveirs d'Estat. O put cunseglharh el Regeu à zißolvarh la Cosa es à apüntarh es removarh membreux del Cußeglh. Sieu aðviçéu àl Regeu över acestilor facendas non put estarh refuçat. El Seneschal put emestarh Discuorsen àl Naziun in forma scriut, zesclararh zuerïa txusca l'aproval dal Cosa, scríuarh traþitaes txusca l'aproval dal Cosa, coitarh el Ziu sè consideraziun da lexhislaziun, es emestarh els Prüms Diktats.
| |
|
| |
| ===11.5===
| |
| Els Prüms Diktats (PDs) sint zesclaraziuns püblici qi afectent el governamaintsch sè politici es tienent la forziun d'iens legeu. Os sint institutats pa lor cuntrasignatür par el Regeu, funziunent come legeux per toct pürpösen, es povent estarh renonçats par üna vota dal maxhorità dal Cosa. Schi ün Prüm Diktat isch vetoïçat par el Regeu, la Cosa put introduçarh el text del PD com'iens proxhet regular es, schi reçeita-ça doua tierçéux dal vota, zevient-ça ün legeu zespitzi el Regeu s'auxheziuns. Ün PD txamais put estarh uçat à amendarh el Legeu Orgänic. PDs serent püblicats àl pü frü uportunità pouçival in el Clark.
| |
|
| |
| ===11.6===
| |
| Schi 'n petiziun bacada par dels membreux dal Cosa qi tiennent pü qe zemi dels eschcaes dal Cosa isch presentada àl Corona, instrucatind el Regeu à remplaçarh el Seneschal, el Regeu agrearha àl petiziun, es remplçarha el Seneschal cün ingen perziun specific qi'st nominescu in la petiziun, eda, sanc ingen recomendaziun specific pr'iens succeßoreu, cün ingen perziun qi la Corona crea inperarha la confiençù dal Cosa.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical XII: El Governamaintsch (Cußeglh)==
| |
|
| |
| ===12.1===
| |
| El Regeu apünta es fira membreux del Governamaintsch (Cußeglh), es lor subordinätsilor, pa l'aðviçéu del Seneschal. El Governamaintsch qomsista el Seneschal, el Distain, el Ministreu dels Afaes Utphätseschti, el Ministreu da Zefençù, Ministreu d'Inmigraziun, es Ministreu da Stuff. Altras ministries variösen povent ocsà estarh apüntadas come el Seneschal txuxha d'estarh cüfneval.
| |
|
| |
| ===12.2===
| |
| Els Ministreux del Cußeglh sint respunçivais àl Seneschal, qi os cunseglhent es da qi reçeitent zireziun, es exerçicent pevarhen d'estat cün sieu consint.
| |
|
| |
| ===12.3===
| |
| El Ministreu dels Afaes Utphätseschti controlarha da toct corespunsençù uficial teschent el Regipäts es pevarhen utphätseschti.
| |
|
| |
| ===12.4===
| |
| El Ministreu da Zefençù controlarha dals forziuns armeschti es morais del Regipäts dürant els temps da päx es dürant els temps da zuerïa zesclarada. Dürant els pieriots queis, o serà satüra come el "Ministreu da Zuerïa."
| |
|
| |
| ===12.5===
| |
| El Ministreu d'Inmigraziun superviçarha l'inmigraziun da citaxhiens noveux ainciün Talossa, in cußeglhença cün el Cort Pü Inalt.
| |
|
| |
| ===12.6===
| |
| El Ministreu da Stuff prepararha, àl txal dal Cosa, del Seneschal, eda pa sieu propreu iniceatïu, texts informatíus över el Regipäts Talossan.
| |
|
| |
| ===12.7===
| |
| Piusutra acestilor sfätsilor, deveirs da Ministreux serent setats par tradiziun es coitaziun.
| |
|
| |
| ===12.8===
| |
| El Regeu apüntarha ün membreu del Governamaintsch à estarh Distain sür l'aðviçéu del Seneschal. El Distain actarha in el pläts del Senescahl in l'evint qe quell sè moart, resignaziun, ausinçù, eda invalourità, txusca ün Seneschal noveu estadra apüntescu. El Ziu put seþarh par legeu els procedançeux à zesterminarh l'ausinçù eda l'invalourità del Seneschal.
| |
|
| |
| ===12.9===
| |
| El Regeu apüntarha ün Membreu dal Cosa à perservarh come el Túischac'h, pa l'aðviçéu del Seneschal per la stancea arivind. El Túischac'h presidarha, zirectarha es reglarha à Cosas Vivinds in üna moda unpartizán. O isch considerat el þonoresc Presedint dal Cosa es serà pretziçat toct vanaraziun dü quand perservind com'acest.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical XIII: La Zuraziun dal Cosa es del Governamaintsch==
| |
|
| |
| ===13.1===
| |
| La zuraziun dal Cosa. La Cosa cunventa doua seifetziuas osprei las eleziuns xhenerais, sür la prüma ziua del mes, per coíncidarh cün la püblicaziun del prüm Clark. Sieu stancea isch abúec'ht sex mesen, cadascu mes coíncidind cün ün Clark. Com'evri, el Seneschal put insertarh teschent ingen doua Clarks, eda osprei el sexlaiset Clark, ün "mes da spaßetxada" in qi aucün Clark isch püblicat es aucüns asunts dal Cosa eda del Senäts sint conductats. Non pü qe viens "mes da spaßetxada" put estarh zesclarat dürant ingen stancea d'óifisch. Dürant sieu dirnalaiset mes el Regeu emestarha ün Escrigut da Zißolvaziun terminind sieu stancea. Àl temp qe la Cosa isch zißolvada, toct sieu Membreux resignarha, mas ingen Membreux qi tienent posiziuns in el Governamaintsch povent remáinarh in acestilor posiziuns txusca las resultaes dal eleziun sint resolvadas.
| |
|
| |
| ===13.2===
| |
| Auþorisaziuns da Zifißiun (exeiziun àl secziun previös). À ingen temp osprei l'eleziuns, mas avant el prüm Clark dal Cosa noua tent estescu püblicat, el Regeu put emestarh üna Auþorisaziun da Zifißiun pa l'aðviçéu del Seneschal ívärts. Tal üna Auþorisaziun aniþila el publicaziun del prüm Clark dal Cosa noua es permita el Seneschal viens mes pü in qi à formarh ün governamaintsch eda prepararh sieu governamaintsch sè plan lexhislatïu. Schi üna Auþorisaziun da Zifißiun isch emestada, el governamaintsch ívärts pierda viens mes da sieu stancea da sex mesen, es put solamint emestarh es votarh pa ün maximum da simca Clarks avant eleziuns nouas sint holdadas.
| |
|
| |
| ===13.3===
| |
| Zißolvaziun frü dal Cosa. El Regeu put emestarh Escriguts da Zißolvaziun per zißolvarh la Cosa avant sieu stancea tent expirada. El Seneschal put apialarh per tal Escrigut da Zißolvaziun, es schi l'apialaziun estadra presentada cün la bacaziun explicada dels membreux dal Cosa qi represantent üna maxhorità dels eschcaes là, el Regeu zißolvarha la Cosa efectíu strax eda, schi la Cosa estadra in seßiun, sur sieu spaßetxada próxima. Schi l'apialaziun manc'hadra tal exprimaziun explicada dal bacaziun d'iensa maxhorità dal Cosa, el Regeu non actarha sür l'apialaziun pr'iens pieriot da tres ziuas osprei sieu reçeitaziun, es à'cest temp actarha sür l'apialaziun solamint schi la Corona non tent estescu presentada düt acest temp üna petiziun, bacada per dels membreux dal Cosa qi represantent pü qe zemi dels eschcaes là, urind qe la Cosa non estadra zißolvada.
| |
|
| |
| ===13.4===
| |
| Zuraziun del Governamaintsch. Membreux del Governamaintsch preindent l'óifisch quand relaschats par el Regeu. Acestilor apüntamaintschen es remandaziuns sint reguleschti qualsepläts d'alter in acest Legeu Orgänic.
| |
|
| |
| ===13.5===
| |
| Vota da Confiençù. El Clark fost ceafarh, in cadascu ediziun, üna Vota da Confiençù. Aceasta parsequita: "¿Volt-tu qe el governamaintsch corentic continuadra in sieu stancea d'óifisch?" Cadascu MC fost respúnsarh aceasta fraga in sieu scrütì del Clark in cadascu mes, eda avetz üna vota d' "üc" eda da "non." Schi àl fim da cadascu mes la vota da "non" supernumera la vota d' "üc," el Regeu zißolvarha la Cosa es zesclararha eleziuns nouas.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical XIV: La Cosa Vivind==
| |
|
| |
| ===14.1===
| |
| La Cosa put holdarh Cosas Vivinds (síanças faç'à-faça dal Cosa) par el legeu. À façarh com'acest, ün proxhet fost estarh presentat àl Cosa nominind el mes specific in qi l'evint paßarha, es estarh validat in la Cosa par üna vota da doua tierçéux.
| |
|
| |
| ===14.2===
| |
| El däts exact es la locaziun dal Cosa Vivind serent seþeschti par el Seneschal osprei cußeglhença avetz toct partias relevints. Toct membreux fossent reçeitarh aviß doua seifetziuas avant el däts dal Cosa Vivind, es ün atentat þonest fost estarh façat avant à zesterminarh ün däts per la síança qe sa muiteux MCs qe pouçival povent attendarh.
| |
|
| |
| ===14.3===
| |
| El Seneschal put, schi els evints en aintparsent, emestarh ün PD auþorisind üna Cosa Vivind in el mes parsequitind del calendriereu. Tal ün PD put estarh vetoïçat (in adiziun àls façiuns normais) par ün protest formal àl Secretar d'Estat par Membreux dal Cosa compriçinds à mhíus viens tierçéu del númerul d'eschcaes electats in el Cosa. Quand seþind el däts dal Cosa Vivind in acest vej, el Seneschal fost tirh àls cundiziuns in la Secziun precedind.
| |
|
| |
| ===14.4===
| |
| Membreux qi non put attendarh non serent negates el drept da votarh över acest mes sè Clark. Os povent envoxhiarh sieu votas àl Secretar d'Estat in ingen vej pouçival, svo àð as povent estarh anonçadas àl Cosa Vivind. Ün membreu put, in forma scriut, zelegarh sieu auþorità da votarh (momaintschamint aðsignarh sieu eschcaes) a'iens altreu perziun qi put attendarh la Cosa Vivind, mas aucün individual put tirh pü qe treinçe eschcaes, comptind es eschcaes da procüra es eschcaes aðsignats parmanintmint, per els pürpösen dal Cosa Vivind. El Ziu put espunarh par el legeu per las resquiraziuns d'iens númerul competind, es per cüratüra par telefiun, conferençia videoeasca, eda altreux vejs zisparats.
| |
|
| |
| ===14.5===
| |
| Votas presentada àl Secretar d'Estat osprei la Cosa Vivind non serent comptadas in el cuint final. El cuint final dals votas över toct proxhets isch preindat àl fim dal Cosa Vivind. Acest artical aßuma la prümità sür ingen altra proviziun àl cuntrar.
| |
|
| |
| ===14.6===
| |
| Proxhets eda amendmaintschen noveux, non povent estarh presentats àl Cosa Vivind. Aucün proxhet non püblicat in el Clark put estarh debatat. Clarks serent püblicats eftir s'chedüle com'usual.
| |
|
| |
| ===14.7===
| |
| Senators serent permitats à partiçiparh in zebätsilor dal Cosa Vivind sür els mismeux fundamaintschen dels MCs, mas non povent zelegarh eda exerciçarh votas da procüra. Dürant el mes d'iensa Cosa Vivind, el Senäts votarha dimpersè (come specificat in Secziun 2 d'Artical IX), salva qe Senators fossent zonarh sieu votas àl Secretar d'Estat osprei el temp del cuint final specificat in Secziun 5, dasupra.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical XV: Els Amendamaintschen àl Legeu Orgänic==
| |
|
| |
| ===15.1===
| |
| Ün amendamaintsch àl Legeu Orgänic put estarh façat par üna proclamaziun par el Regeu quand sa auþorisat par:
| |
| *üna vota da doua tierçéux in embù cámeras del Ziu, es
| |
| *l'approval d'iensa maxhorità dels voteirs qi participant in ün referendüm sür la fraga del amendamaintsch non pü schpeit qe l'eleziun xheneral qi'st s'chedülada parsequitind l'approval del Ziu.
| |
| Chinxhen proposats à'cest Legeu Orgänic qe afecta represantaziun d'iensa provinçù in el Senäts, eda dal teritoria eda dal soveranità equal d'iensa provinçù, serent solamint validates avetz l'aproval d'iensa maxhorità dels voteirs partiçipinds in aceasta provinçù.
| |
|
| |
| ===15.2===
| |
| Las Pactas dels Drepts es dals Livertaes, estind sacras es neceßaes àl zefençù d'ár società liverada, sint proviziuns cunvaladas d'acest Legeu Orgänic. As povent solamint estarh amendadas schi el referendüm resquirat par Secziun 1 isch validat avetz üna maxhorità da doua tierçéux dels voteirs qi partiçipent in el referendüm.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical XVI: Els Corts==
| |
|
| |
| ===16.1===
| |
| El pevarh xhüdesch da Talossa serà vestat in viens Cort Pü Inalt, in el glheþ Angleasca the Uppermost Cort, es in tais corts inferiors qe la Cosa da temp à temp establischadra. Els Cadins es del Cort Pü Inalt es els cadins dels corts inferiors, serent electats in accordançéu avetz l'Artical XVI, Secziun 4, es tischent sieu óifischen per vida (eda txusca resignaziun), es povent solamint estarh removats par üna vota da doua tierçéux in la Cosa cün l'aproval del Regeu es del Senäts.
| |
|
| |
| ===16.2===
| |
| El Cort Pü Inalt qomsistarha tres Cadins. Els tres membreux del Cort Pü Inalt sint cun-equais per toct pürpösen. Com'evri, el Cadì qi tent perservat sür el Cort per el pieriot pü lung da temp övertoct tent la titla maravetxesca del "Cadì Vellitor." Altreux corts inferiors, qomsistarhent sa muiteux cadins come sint establischats par el legeu. Toct corts fossent tirh ün númerul útphar da cadins.
| |
|
| |
| ===16.3===
| |
| Ni ün Regeu röinind ni sieu Cunsort, ni ün Rexhaint dürant sieu rexhençù, ni el Secretar d'Estat, ni el Seeschal estarha ün Cadì del Cort Pü Inalt eda ün cadì in ingen cort inferior qe el Ziu creatadra. Ni ingen Senator eda Membreu dal Cosa estadra ün Cadì del Cort Pü Inalt.
| |
|
| |
| ===16.4===
| |
| In l'evint d'iensa vacançù, eda in el Cort Pü Inalt eda in ün cort inferior, ingen membreu del Ziu put coptarh ün remplaçind. El coptescu serà aprovescu par üna vota da doua-tierçéux dal Cosa es una vota d'iensa maxhorità del Senäts cün vfavour à sieu apüntaziun. Sür sieu approval es quand qe el coptescu tent facescu la zesclaraziun qi'st scriut in la rúvriçeta (b), el Regeu apüntarha el coptescu com'iens Cadì del Cort Pü Inalt eda ün cort inferior es à'cest temp o preindarha sieu eschcan per vida in el cort. El Regeu put, zesclarind sieux raziuns à façarh sa, refúçarh àð apüntarh el coptescu, es in aceasta cauça el Ziu ricunsiderarha el coptescu eda comptarha ün noveu. Schi, osprei la ricunsideraziun del coptescu, doua-tierçéux dal Cosa es üna maxhorità del Senäts tiennent aproveschti la coptaziun, el Regeu non put refúçarh àð apüntarh el coptescu com'iens Cadì del Cort Pü Inalt eda ün cort inferior.<br />
| |
| (b) Cadascu perziun qi'st apüntescu com'iens cadì püblicmint façarha àls Citaxhiens da Talossa es subscrivarha àl zesclaraziun sovind:
| |
| :"Éu, [NÓMINA], solenéamint, sinçarmint, es vrätsmint afirm es zesclar qe éu dümint, fidéamint, es àl miglhor da va säp es v'avalità executarhéu l'óifisch [del Cadì Starschéu del Cort Pü Inalt] (eda come la cauça estadra) sanc pör es sanc favour, es sanc aðfeziun eda miriun värts ingen vür, fru, eda pigneu es qe pirneçarhéu el Legeu Orgänic es els legeux del Regipäts Talossan. Acest éu solenéamint afirm."
| |
| (c) La zesclaraziun dal rúvriçeta (b) serà facescu es subscriut par cadascu cadì avant qe o comença sieux deveirs com'iens cadì, es in ingen cauça non pü schpeit qe bisquinc ziuas osprei el däts da sieu apüntamaintsch. Ingen cadì qi declinadra eda negleptadra à façarh aceasta zesclaraziun come scriut, da din acest temp, serà txuxhescu à tirh resignescu del óifisch.
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| ===16.5===
| |
| Quand ja'iens precedint exact, ün cort prediçarha eftir el legeu. Quand ja'iens aucün precedint exact, ün cort façarha üna regla apropriäts àl cauça, eda par re-interpretind üna regla vea (statutia eda altramint) eda par aplichind qe ça considera d'estarh principais da xhusticia, cunsístents cün las Pactas dels Drepts es dals Livertaes. Els corts rendarhent sieu zeciziuns profta dü àl intenziun urixhinal d'ingen legeu estind clarificat, come zesfinat par el legeu s'auþor(s). In l'evint d'iensa ziferençù in interpretaziun dal sençù d'iens legeu, el cort renderarh üna interpretaziun uficial cün respectù dü àls Pactas dels Drepts es dals Livertaes. Schi viens dels cadins scriveva el legeu, o non fost recusarh-se es designarh ün remplaçind tempurar.
| |
|
| |
| ===16.6===
| |
| Els corts consentarhent à zecidarh aucün cauça txusca presentat avetz evidençù scriut par el Prosecutaziun provind a'iensa maxhorità dels membreux del cort qe üna escasença criona da securind üna conviziun actualmint exista. Els corts, par üna vota d'iensa maxhorità, povent refúçarh à zecidarh ingen cauça, in efect cunfirmind el réu (eda statüs quo) sè posiziun. El Cort Pü Inalt fost supliçarh ingen plentifeu qissen cauça ça refúça à zecidarh üna xhustificaziun scriut da tal ün refüs. À c'hauça da piericlour douaplic, üna cauça remandada non put estarh initziatada ün altreu fäts.
| |
|
| |
| ===16.7===
| |
| Schi ün cadì isch üna partia in üna cauça del cort, o se recusarha del eschcan per la zuraziun dal cauça, es coptarha ün remplaçind tempurar, qi serà aprovat par els altreux cadins del cort.
| |
|
| |
| ===16.8===
| |
| Aucün cort emestarha ingen zeciziun auþoritatïu sanc l'uportunità la phü pien per toct dels membreux aðsigneschti à'iensa cauça à considerarh la cauça àl fraga. Masmint, ün singul Cadì del Cort Pü Inalt put zecidarh üna cauça soleu schi acest isch aceptaval àls altreux membreux del Cort. O serà apüntat à façarh acest par üna vota ünanimös da toct tres membreux del Cort. Schi osprei cadascu atentat estadra facescu à contactarh ün membreu del Cort, es tres seifetziuas (21 ziuas) tiennent paßadas zespäts el contäcts initzial sanc aucün respuns, sieu silençù serà interpretada com'el consint qe ün Cadì individual put zecidarh la cauça àl fraga soleu. El Cadì dümint coptescu (eda par consonance actíu eda par silence) rendarha üna zeciziun över la cauça sa schi estadra üna maxhorità del Cort entieir. Sieu zeciziun zevient la zeciziun del Cort es non put estarh apialada.
| |
|
| |
| ===16.9===
| |
| In l'evint qe ün cort ziscovra lengatx suranal eda confundind in el Legeu Orgänic eda in ingen legeu, el cort, com'iens pärts da sieu zeciziun scriut, put requestarh del Ziu, eda schi relevant, el lexhislatür Provincial qe reviça el legeu. Txusca tal confuziun isch resolvada, el cort prediçarha eftir el cour pü xhust es eqitaval del legeu, eftir la sençù ortzinar dels mocts, eda schi tal mocts tienent aqirat lexhitalmint üna sençù tec'hnical, eftir la sençù tec'hnical.
| |
|
| |
| ===16.10===
| |
| El Cort triarhá popuis per toct ufeinças sub legeu, per exampal, schi üna perziun fäts qualse'cosa qe o non fost façarh, eda schi non fäts qualse'cosa qe o fost façarh. El Cort inflingarhá tal custança qe el legeu asigüra.
| |
|
| |
| ===16.11===
| |
| Las zeciziuns (es disséntis) del Cort serent scriuts in el Clarks schi els auþors sa desirent, come permitat par scurznità.
| |
|
| |
| ===16.12===
| |
| Els corts tischent el pevarh à enforçarh peinaltaes contra violeirs, cunmiaschürat avetz la straintschità dal crima. El Cort Pü Inalt put in certaes circonstanças extrems imposarh la peinaltà da difunxha del pats, par üna vota ünanimös. Sätsilor put solamint estarh renverçats par üna Suplica Rexhital.
| |
|
| |
| ===16.13===
| |
| Ingen cadì put emestarh xhußiuns del cort eda inxhunziuns eftir els xheneralmint principais aceptats del legeu Anglo-American. Acestilor inxhunziuns povent comandarh üna partia à rompliarh sieu deveir lexhital, eda povent previnçarh l'enforçamaintsch d'iens legeu qe estadra Unorgänic. La violaziun d'iensa inxhunziun isch tarschnada come sprätsch del cort. L'arviteir final dal Orgänicità d'inzhunziuns isch el Cort Pü Inalt da Talossa.
| |
|
| |
| ===16.14===
| |
| Els Cadins del Cort Pü Inalt es toct altreux cadins apoartarhent cadins sè coifürs dürant l'exerciçeu da pevarh xhüdesch.
| |
|
| |
| ==Artical XVII: Las Subziviçaziuns Teritoriais==
| |
|
| |
| ===17.1===
| |
| La teritoria citanàl da Talossa isch subziviçada ainciün els Cantons es las Provinçuns. Els Cantons sint zesfinats eftir las grentzas þistoricais, mas las Provinçuns povent, subxhectadas àl Ziu, alteirarh acestilor grentzas, comprís la creaziun dels Cantons noveux. Las Provinçuns ocsà povent establischarh tais subziviçaziuns come txuxhent àð estarh neceßaes eda convenience per el governamaintsch local. El Cantò isch la subziviçaziun la phü tita teritorial qe put estarh aðsignada da viens juristiçal Provincial à’iens altreu.
| |
|
| |
| ===17.2===
| |
| Toct citaxhiens Talossaes belongarhent àl Provinçù qi os þavitent. Citaxhiens qi vivent àl exteriör da Talossa sint aðsignats à'iens Provinçù par el Ziu àl temp da sieu veitaziun par el Ziu, in accordançéu avetz els legeux estinds.
| |
|
| |
| ===17.3===
| |
| Aucün perziun s'aßinmeteu provincial serà alteirat sanc sieu consint exprimat, ívenðo el Ziu considerarhá d'estarh cüfneval eda apropriäts à resürtirh las grentzas d'aßinmeteu xheografici. Masmint, ün Erteier qi demurent in Talossa imrè serà aðsignat àl Provinçù qi o þavitent, ívenðo las grentzas provinciais cambiarhent es sieu domeu estadra per aceasta raziun "riaðsignat" à'iens altra Provinçù.
| |
|
| |
| ===17.4===
| |
| Las teritorias sint Cantons (eda grupas da Cantons) qi non sint autugoverninds. As sint aðmistradas par Governadeirs apüntats par el Regeu avetz l'aðviçéu del Seneschal es subxhectadas als legeux del Ziu; La Teritoria Antarctic da Pengöpäts isch üna exeiziun à'cest regleu (Secziun 11).
| |
|
| |
| ===17.5===
| |
| Las Provinçuns sint Cantons (eda grupas da Cantons) qi sint autogoverninds es autonoms. As sint aðmistradas par governamaintschen constituziunais electats democräticmint da din la Provinçù. Grentzas provinciais povent solamint estarh cambiadas par el Ziu avetz el consint dal Provinçù eda Provinçuns àl fraga.
| |
|
| |
| ===17.6===
| |
| El Ziu, subxhectat à'cest Legeu Orgänic, tischa el pevarh à façarh legeux per el päx, el benestarh, es el ben governamaintsch del Regipäts cün respectù à:
| |
|
| |
| *La renonçaziun es l'amendamaintsch, subxhectat à'cest Legeu Orgänic, dal lexhislaziun federal q'esteva façada avant qe l'institutaziun d'acest Legeu Orgänic;
| |
| *El censüs es els statistici;
| |
| *Las geviac'htas es el miaschürs;
| |
| *Erxhent curind, soldour es corsu lexhital;
| |
| *La þauraziun, es expençamaintschen dels revenüns es dels érxhents püblici del Regipäts, mas svo àð non à ziscriminatarh teschent las Provinçuns eda las Teritorias eda lors pärtsilor;
| |
| *Els drepts da copia, las brevestas, es marqeux da cumerçù;
| |
| *Las funziuns del post, del telegraf, dal telefiun, del radieu, dal televiziun, del inter'riet, es altras funziuns similiaes;
| |
| *La zefençù del Regipäts, es sieux pärtsilor;
| |
| *El control dals forziuns à executarh es mamteneçarh els legeux del Regipäts;
| |
| *Las corporaziuns formadas sub els legeux del Regipäts;
| |
| *L'inmigraziun es l'utvändraziun, la veitaziun es els aglhens;
| |
| *La tradaziun es la lobxha;
| |
| *La siada del governamaintsch del Regipäts;
| |
| *Els afaes externais, includinds la cumerçù utphätseasca, la cumerça, las traças, es el transpò;
| |
| *Las facendas referadas àl Ziu par el governamaintsch d'ingen Provinçù, mas sa qe el legeu extendarha solamint àl Provinçù par qissen governamaintsch la facenda isch referada, eda qi adopta el legeu osprei;
| |
| *Las facendas suceßíus à l'execuziun del governamaintsch Federal, sanc la praixhúdiça àl soveranità iherind dals Provinçuns;
| |
| *Els signeux, els drapéux, l'araldicour, els anþems, els evints culturais es las altras cosas similaes del Regipäts Talossan; mas non dals Provinçuns individuais (el Ziu put façarh üna exeiziun per la zefençù dal nomenchiatüra eda del araldicour tradiziunal in pläts avant l'adopziun d'acest Legeu Orgänic);
| |
| *Las zisputas es las relaziuns teschent las Provinçuns;
| |
| *La creaziun dals Provinçuns nouas, svo àð la soveranità es la teritoria d'ingen Provinçù estind non c'è alteirada sanc consint d'aceasta Provinçù.
| |
|
| |
| ===17.7===
| |
| Quand qe ingen legeu d'iensa Provinçù, conçernind ingen pevaren adnumerats in Secziun 6, c'è ziscunvenént avetz ün legeu del Regipäts, el legeu Provincial serà unvaláival àl alcança dal ziscunvenença.
| |
|
| |
| ===17.8===
| |
| Toct i pevaren non vestats in el Regipäts par acest Legeu Orgänic serent vestats exclusivamint in las Provinçuns.
| |
|
| |
| ===17.9===
| |
| Cadascu Provinçù se governarha svo à c'è guarantat à sieux citaxhiens la proteziun compläts da lor drepts sub acest Legeu Orgänic. Las eleziuns Provinciais povent, schi c'estadra specificat sa in üna Provinçù sè constituziun, estarh holdadas par la Cantzelerïa àl mismeu temp qe las eleziuns àl Cosa, es in accordançéu avetz els legeux es las reglas naziunais. El Regeu apüntarha ün Cunstaval per cadascu Provinçù. Txusca el Regeu eda el Cunstaval proclamadra üna constituziun Provincial qe asigüra altramint, üna Provinçù sè Cunstaval perservarha com'iens Governadeir Militar es put exerciçarh toct i pevaren del governamaintsch Provincial. Ün Cunstaval non proclamarha ingen constituziun Provincial eda ingen amendamaintsch constituziunal qe:
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|
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| *Cuflicta cün ingen stipulaziun d'acest Legeu Orgänic,
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| *Otorga àl Regeu (es cunsequamint àl Cunstaval com'el Regeu sè representanteu in la Provinçù) pevaren rexhitais míus extendats qe acestilor otorgats àl Regeu sür el nival naziunal, salva qe els pevarhen rexhitais Provinciais non neceßent à includarh ün drept da zißolvaziun schi las eleziuns Provinciais sint holdadas cüncorenticmint cün las eleziuns àl Cosa,
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| *Faila à asigürarh ün drept à apialarh las zeciziuns dal cort(s) Provincial (Provinciais) (schi ingen existadrent) àl Cort Pü Inalt eda tais altreux corts com'estadrent creats, eda
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| *In la cauça dal adopziun d'iensa constituziun noua, non c'è aprovada par ün referendüm in qe à mhíus eda üna maxhorità da toct citaxhiens dal Provinçù eda üna maxhorità da doua tierçéux dals votas actualmint zonadas c'è cün favour dal constituziun.
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|
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| ===17.10===
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| Per els pürpösen d'acest Legeu Orgänic, l'Ì da Cézembre serà ün pärts unaglhénaval dal teritoria citànal del Regipäts. Ça serà üna Provinçù singul, subziviçada ainciün doua Cantons, separates par Ligna da Moart sa'peglhada come aistimada li 2. Julia dallas 1986/vii. Embù Cantons sint tzara Talossan, tonaton sieu garnamaintsch par el militar Françal. Acestilors Cantons tischent sieux nóminas tradiziunais, Zone autorisée es Zone interdite.
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|
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| ===17.11===
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| Talossa sè colonia trasmarì, La Teritoria Antarctic da Pengöpäts, isch ün pärts irevocaval dal casapaterna naziunal es txamais serà avandunada. Ça serà aðmistrada par ün Governadeir apüntat per ün pieriot undefinì par el Regeu pa l'aðviçéu del Seneschal.
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|
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| ===17.12===
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| Aucün Borgal, Pleiv, Cantò, Provinçù, Teritoria, eda altra süperfiça dal teritoria Talossan put secedarh da Talossa, ni validarh ingen legeu qi contravençent ingen pünt d'acest Legeu Orgänic salva qe os sint explicadamint permiteschti à façarh-en in acest Legeu Orgänic.
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|
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| ===17.13===
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| Aucün Provinçù noua serà costituada osprei l'adopziun d'acest Legeu Orgänic salva qe la Provinçù propoçada ceafa da din en üna constituziun avetz ün governamaintsch electat es ün citaxhienatx compriçind à mhíus bisquinc popuis.<br />
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| <br />
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| Tonaton aceasta secziun, toct provinçuns serent guarantadas la represantaziun equal in el Senäts.
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|
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| ==Artical XVIII: La Citaxhienità es els Drepts==
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|
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| ===18.1===
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| La citaxhienità Talossan c'è solamint aqirada par els ops Orgänic. El procedançeu exact per la veitaziun serà zesterminat par el legeu.
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|
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| ===18.2===
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| Els þavitinds dal teritoria Talossan qi non sint citaxhiens Talossaes sint considerats "Cestours" es non sint indreptats à participarh in la proceßa political da Talossa.
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|
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| ===18.3===
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| Ingen utphätsesc eda Cestour qi sentia in sieu coraziun qe o isch Talossan put aqirarh la citaxhienità Talossan par el parsequitarh dels procedançeux del legeu dal citaxhienità.
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|
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| ===18.4===
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| Els cuntagnats formaes d'aceasta secziun tent estescu zescunstat del Legeu Orgänic; el numerind dals secziuns d'acest artical tent estescu preservat.
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|
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| ===18.5===
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| Schi el Cort Pü Inalt ingentemp acternamint trovadra ingen fraudatà eda unþonestà in ün Citaxhien sè candidatür urixhinal, includind sieux stâtsmints àl Cort eda àls Membreux dal Cosa; eda schi el Cort Pü Inalt convictadra el Citaxhien per las activitaes antiTalossaes, ça put imposarh peinaltà dal difunxha da Talossa. El Regeu put cüflartarh tal ün säts.
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|
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| ===18.6===
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| Ingen perziun, qissen citaxhienità c'è zismintada, put riaplicarh par sufervind el procedançeu (minus ingen porziuns qi estevent compiasadas riuschladamint) osprei la proxima eleziun xheneral.
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|
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| ===18.7===
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| Las cratoiras nascadas osprei li 1. Januar dallas 1989/x, viens (eda embù) da qissen paremts natüravais eda adoptatïu isch ün citaxhien Talossan àl temp dal natascha, sint "Dintaliuns" es autumätsmint tischent els drepts complätsilor da votind quand qe os se enrexhistrent avetz el Ministreu dal Inmigraziun sür eda osprei lor tordeschlaiset nadaliça. La notificaziun qomsistarha scríuarh ün papiereu över "Qet Significa Talossa à Mhe."
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|
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| ===18.8===
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| Els citaxhiens Talossaes povent vivarh da din el pats eda utphäts. Aceasta slava non afecta lor nival lexhital eda lor drepts citànais eda politicais.
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|
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| ===18.9===
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| Els Erteiers povent voluntarmint renunçarh sieu propra citaxhienità. Acest put estarh façescu par püblicmint emestind üna Zeclaraziun scriut dal Renunçaziun. Ça serà institutada sür sieu repaxhaziun par el Secretar d'Estat par l'emestaziun d'iens Escrigut da Terminaziun dal Citaxhienità, qi serà püblicat sub el saxhel dal Cantzeleria.
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|
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| ===18.10===
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| Schi ingen Citaxhien failadra à votarh in üna eleziun par la Cosa, o serà txuxhescu à tirh empüdescu ün "zescunstaziun," salva qe el Secretar d'Estat crezitadra qe el feblar à votarh füt unintentíu, eda el Regeu crezitadra qe el Citaxhien sè beric'htar es las circonstanças da sieu feblar à votarh aintparstadrent ün exeitaziun. In aint cauça, aucün zescunstaziun serà empüdada. Schi ingen Citaxhien empüdadra üna zescunstaziun in tres eleziuns cunseutíus, o serà txuxhescu à tirh renonçescu sieu citaxhienità.
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|
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| ===18.11===
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| Ün Citaxhien qi voluntarmint tent renunçescu sieu citxhienità (in ingen vej) put pirtrançarh el procedançeu normal dal citaxhienità per tirh sieu citaxhienità restorniada. Acest procedançeu ocsà put estarh paßat es la citaxhienità put estarh restorniada par ün praxel del Ziu, schi ça txuxhadra qe l'aplicheir merita dal cunsideraziun extrordinar.
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|
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| ===18.12===
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| Toct informaziun apropriäts da toct prospectatíus Talossaes qi tienent estescu apoartats avant el Cort Pü Inalt, toct citaxhiens formaes, non solamint toct citaxhiens formaes qi aplichent per la restoraziun da sieu citaxhienità Talossa serà el säp almanéu. Acest serà ün deveir del Ministreu d'Inmigraziun.
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|
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| ==Artical XIX: Las Pactas dels Drepts es dals Livertaes==
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|
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| ===Práimhoct===
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| Las Pactas dels Drepts es dals Livertaes sigurent els drepts es las livertaes qi sint zespaleschti in lor à toct citaxhiens Talossaes, subxhectadas solamint à tais cunfins crioneux qi sint prescriuts par el legeu come put estarh ostensavalmint xhustificats in üna società liverada es democrätic. Acestilor Pactas serent interpretadas in üna façiun cunsistent avetz l'üsonça Talossan es la tradiziun Talossan, es avetz la toca in el geþirn dal preservaziun es grültificaziun del þeritatx eþnic dal naziun Talossan es el päx, la reglaziun, es el governamaintsch ben per el Regipäts Talossan.
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|
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| ===Pacta Pirmalaiset===
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| Las Pactas dels Drepts es dals Livertaes sigurent els drepts es las livertaes zespaleschti in lor à toct citaxhiens Talossaes, subxhectadas solamint à tais cunfins crioneux prescriuts par el legeu come put estarh ostensavalmint xhustificats in üna società liverada es democratic. Acestilor Pactas serent interpretadas in üna façiun cunsistent avetz l'üsonça es la tradiziun Talossan, es cün la toca in el geþirn dal preservarh es grültificarh el þeritatx eþnic dal naziun Talossan es el päx, la reglaziun, es el governamaintsch per el Regipäts Talossan.
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|
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| ===Pacta Doualaiset===
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| Aucün decergnada, sc'hemas dal aziun dezicatïu, eda tractada preferençal existarha da din el Regipäts Talossan sür el fundamaintsch dal raça, del colour, del claßeu, dal nobleça, del xhendreu, dal sexpreferençù, dal indentità xhendreasca, dal vellità, dal relixhiun, dals cresenças, del glheþ, eda d'ingen altreux parámeters füçicais eda societais d'ingen sorta qetsevol, salva com'espunescu qualsepläts d'alter in acest Legeu Orgänic. La cunsideraziun separada sür el fundamaintsch del xhendreu put existarh solamint in las cauças dal creança.
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|
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| ===Pacta Treslaiset===
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| Els Erteiers tienent el drept àl aßemblatx paxeu, siat in las faþilitaes almanéas eda in la serena, asigürat qe tal aßemblatx ni zisruptadra la circülaziun eda l'actività commercial legal, ni undümint icomodadra dels popuis. Els Erteiers tiennent el drept à liveradamint organiçarh els pártis politicais es altras organiçaziuns, subxhectadas à lor propreux legeux dal membrità, es acest drept non put estarh cunpenzat salva profta las organiçaziuns qi advocatzent l'útzil dal violensà eda dal c'hraidaziun per attainarh lor bupts politicais eda altreux bupts, eda qi quairent à restrainarh ingen perziun eda ingen grupa dals popuis del exerciçeu da lor drepts com'otorgat sub acestilor Pactas.
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|
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| ===Pacta Qátorlaiset===
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| Eftir el principal qe "Ün Vür sè Cámera isch sieu Regipäts," el drepts dels popuis àl privätsità es àl sigürità in lor corputzen, lor domeux, lor papeis, lor corespunsençù, es lor proprietà, contra las çerças es las schlagatadas unraziunavais, non serent violats. La privilexhù del escrigut da habeas corpus non serà suspensada. Aucün perziun put estarh detainada eda zestainada sanc üna auþorisaziun emestada par ün cadì, salva in las cauças da flagrante delicto. Aucüns auþorisaziuns serent emestada sanc üna cauça probabaval, es fossent apartì zepictarh el pläts qe serà ruspat es la preziun ed alas cosas qe serent saiçeschti. El drept àl privätsità per figürs püblici fost estarh valançat par el püblicüm sè drept à säparh, in las facendas qi afectent els politici, las eleziuns, las campagnas, es el governamaintsch. El catxantind intentïu dal informaziun qi els voteirs raziunavais trovadrent auschiglhapunt, lucratïu, eda informatïu, viola el püblicüm sè drept à säparh.
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|
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| ===Pacta Simcalaiset===
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| Ingen perziun qi'st acuçescu d'iensa ufeinça serà presümada à estarh innocent txusca provada cupaval, es tent el drept à requestarh dal informaziun över sieu drepts legais. Aucün perziun acuçada serà doua fäts setada in piericlour dal vida, dal livertà, eda dal proprietà per la misma ufeinça, eda sanc la proceßa dü del legeu; ni serà ingen citaxhien cunpinxhescu à testificarh contra so. Els fineux demasiats, es las custanças cruseis es bisertas, non serent inflingeschti.
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|
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| ===Pacta Sexlaiset===
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| La livertà qomsista ingen aziun qi non c'è detrimaintschal àls altreux, es aucün drept adnumerat in acest Legeu Orgänic, eda reconeiçat qualsepläts d'alter par la Cosa, extendarha à ingenviens involvat in las activitaes qi bießent, ris'chent, eda piericlent þealþeu füçical, la privätsità, eda la tranqilità d'altras perziuns par l'exerciçeu praitençat d'acest drept.
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|
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| ===Pacta Séifetlaiset===
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| Aucün perziun serà convictescu à c'hauça d'ingen praxel eda ingen omiziun, salva qe, àl temp del praxel eda dal omiziun, ça costitueva üna ufeinça sub el legeu Talossan eda sub el legeu internaziunal, eda c'esteva criminal eftir els principais xhenerais del legeu reconeiçats par la comunità dals naziuns civiliçadas, com'interpreteschti par els corts Talossaes in accordançéu avetz las tradiziuns Talossaes es els bisogneux Talossaes.
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|
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| ===Pacta Vuitlaiset===
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| Talossa non txamais impostiçarh ni profeßarh àð impostiçarh, burdenificarh undümint, proscríuarh eda cunpenzarh per sieux citaxhiens ingen drept às praxeis da: l'aßemblatx paxeu; la veneraziun eda afiliaziun relixhiös; el discuors, l'exprimaziun, eda l'afiliaziun political; la cresença relixhiös, þistoric, scientific, eda filosofical; l'avortíu (l'avalità liveradamint cunschös par qi üna fru zestermina la continuaziun da sieu enceaintada); l'actività sexual cunçertal (intra doua perziuns consentinds d'iens atx dal respunçivalità; la contraprocriaziun; el mariatx (intr'els adults consentinds instüzös lors schladas, salva q'os sint cüsangaziunös txusca el desgrei quartéu dal parantetxa), las uniuns citanais (es equivais); la tractada; l'adopziun; la zirectaziun in avançù per suegnaziun; la stida attempiada; el mistricour; la liraziun d'ingen glhibreu; es la scrivaziun eda l'útzil d'ingen glheþ. Ni ingen perziun serà cauçescu à respúnsarh in ingen cort Talossan per l'unfrið uschedat, cunceßat, eda actual d'ingen legeu utphätsesc qe restrinça eda zisminta ingen drept eda tradica ingen praxel qi'st ricensat aicì.
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|
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| ===Pacta Noualaiset===
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| In toct prosecutaziuns criminais, l'acuçescu geneiçarha el drept à'iensa prova rapïu es püblic, par ün xhuri eda üna dierxhira dal Corona. L'acuçescu tischa el drept d'estarh informescu del natür es la cauça dal acuçaziun, à cunfruntarh temogns contra lo, es à tirh el pevarh dal süpöna per securarh dels temogns in sieu favour. L'acuçescu tent el drept à tirh l'aßistançéu da sfäts per sieu zefençù.
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|
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| ===Pacta Bisquinclaiset===
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| Ingenviens qissen drepts es livertaes, come sigureschti par acestilor Pactas, tiennent estescu infreschti eda zisminteschti put chensarh ün cort del juristiçal competint per securarh tal medela dels quests com'el cort considera cüfneval es xhust in las circonstanças, mas el pretz otorgat àl plentifeu per els damatxen punitíus non süpaßarha el pretz otorgat per els damatxen indemnitíus.
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|
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| ===Pacta Ündeschlaiset===
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| Quand, in el curso d'iensa prova, ün cort cuncluda qe l'evidençù füt securada in üna façiun qe infreva pa eda zisminteva ingen drepts eda livertaes sigureschti par acestilor Pactas, l'evidençù serà excluçada schi c'è establischescu qe, profta toct circonstanças, l'aðmiçiun da ça ainciün las antzainas apoartadra la xhuricina ainciün la zesreputa.
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|
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| ===Pacta Dudeschlaiset===
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| La citaxhienità Talossan solamint put estarh pierdada par ün citaxhien sè renunçaziun volontar dal citaxhienità, eda com'iensa custança per üna crima zesterminada par el Cort Pü Inalt, eda com'iens resultà d'iens legeu relevint electoral eda censüsesc.
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|
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| ===Pacta Tréideschlaiset===
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| L'adnumeraziun dels drepts es dals livertaes in acestilor Pactas non serà interpretada à zismintarh eda dispregarh altreux drepts retainats par els popuis. Els pevarhen qi non sint zelegats par el legeu àl Corona, àl Governamaintsch, àls corts, àls Provinçuns eda àls Teritorias, eda àls vientratxas lexhitais del Estat seþadas par lor, sint teneschti par els popuis Talossaes.
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|
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| ==Artical XX: Els Referendüms==
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|
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| ===20.1===
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| La lexhislaziun put estarh enactat par els popuis par el Referendüm. El Ziu put prepararh els referendüms es zonarh acestilor à'iensa votaziun popular, come ça vidadra àð estarh cüfneval. El referendüm put estarh 'n dictamaintsch (undensatíu) eda put tirh la forziun del legeu sür sieu approval par üna maxhorità d'acestilor qi votent sür ça. Las fragas referendümeschti apiarent sür el papel electoral dürant l'Eleziun Xheneral proxim, eda pü bentopt, schi el Seneschal çoiçadra àð auþorisarh.
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|
| |
| ==Artical XXI: El Statüs del Legeu Orgänic==
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|
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| ===21.1===
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| El Legeu Orgänic c'è el legeu süprem dal naziun. Ingen legeux naziunais, provinciais, eda teritoriais qi violent sieu stipulaziuns sint defündiats.
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|
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| ===21.2===
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| El Legeu Orgänic serà ratificat par üna vota dad "üc" da doua tierçeux in ün referendüm püblíc. L'approval par míus qe reiescharha in l'unratificaziun del documenteu, es Talossa aduncarha sub la Constituziun dallas 1988/ix txusca els popuis, par ün referendüm, aprovent el Legeu Orgänic par üna vota da doua tierçéux.
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|
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| ===21.3===
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| Sür la ratificaziun d'acest Legeu Orgänic, la Constituziun es toct legeux cuntraes àls stipulaziuns d'acest Legeu Orgänic, eda supercedeschti par ça, sint xhuschtair renonçats. Altreux legeux qi non cuflictent avetz acest Legeu Orgänic remainarhent enforçeschti.
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| {{ScribeAuth}}
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| [[Category:Organic Law]]
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